Revisiting Wagner’s Criteria to Predict Establishment and Retention of Alumina Scales on Ternary NiCrAl Alloys

Pillai, R.; Stephens, C. J.

doi:10.1007/s11085-023-10202-1

Title: Revisiting Wagner’s Criteria to Predict Establishment and Retention of Alumina Scales on Ternary NiCrAl Alloys

Journal Article · 08 November 2023 · High Temperature Corrosion of Materials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11085-023-10202-1 · OSTI ID:2251599

Pillai, R. ^[1]; Stephens, C. J. ^[2]

Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science & Technology Division
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States)

Despite the advent of numerical modeling approaches and high-performance computing infrastructure, the design and development of corrosion-resistant high temperature alloys (> 500 °C) continue to be largely empirical and typically involve extensive experimentation. This is mainly due to the lack of a single unified physics-based model that can address the impact of multiple competing factors such as time, environment, alloy composition, microstructure, and geometry. The classical Wagner’s criteria have been foundational to estimate the minimum concentrations required of an oxide-forming element to establish and sustain a protective oxide scale. However, the formulation is primarily limited to lower-order alloy systems (binary alloys) and ignores the time dependence of subsurface compositional changes in the alloy. The lack of key data on the temperature and composition dependence of the solubility and transport of oxidants in multicomponent-multiphase alloys further exacerbates the problem. In the present work, a few of these limitations were addressed using a flux-based approach (FLAP) which tracks the spatiotemporal evolution of the fundamental flux balance between oxygen and the oxide-forming elements to enable the prediction of the formation of an external alumina scale in ternary NiCrAl alloys. In conclusion, the modeling results were validated with the literature findings and additional experimental work conducted in the present work.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation. Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 2251599

Journal Information:: High Temperature Corrosion of Materials, Vol. 100, Issue 5-6; ISSN 2731-8397

Publisher:: SpringerCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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