DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Computer simulation of carbonization and graphitization of coal

Journal Article · · Nanotechnology

Abstract This study describes computer simulations of carbonization and graphite formation, including the effects of hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. We introduce a novel technique to simulate carbonization, ‘Simulation of Thermal Emission of Atoms and Molecules (STEAM)’, designed to elucidate volatile outgassing and density variations in the intermediate material during carbonization. The investigation analyzes the functional groups that endure through high-temperature carbonization and examines the graphitization processes in carbon-rich materials containing non-carbon impurity elements. The physical, vibrational, and electronic attributes of impure amorphous graphite are analyzed, and the impact of nitrogen on electronic conduction is investigated.

Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
NONE; FE0032143
OSTI ID:
2242568
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 2222998
Journal Information:
Nanotechnology, Journal Name: Nanotechnology Journal Issue: 9 Vol. 35; ISSN 0957-4484
Publisher:
IOP PublishingCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English

References (64)

Coal-Filler-Based Thermoplastic Composites as Construction Materials: A New Sustainable End-Use Application journal September 2019
Structure, vibrations and electronic transport in silicon suboxides: Application to physical unclonable functions journal June 2023
Tables of bond lengths determined by X-ray and neutron diffraction. Part 1. Bond lengths in organic compounds journal January 1987
Graphite Flows in the U.S.: Insights into a Key Ingredient of Energy Transition journal February 2023
Changes in Surface Area, Pore Structure and Density during Formation of High-temperature Chars from Representative U.S. Coals journal December 1990
Preparation of coal-based graphite with different microstructures by adjusting the content of ash and volatile matter in raw coal journal April 2019
Applications of Micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) in the Geological Sciences—A Review journal December 2015
Coal Structure and Thermal Decomposition book October 1981
Rapid estimation of elastic constants by molecular dynamics simulation under constant stress journal April 2004
Structural and electronic properties of nitrogen doped fourfold amorphous carbon journal February 1995
Impacts of Coal Use on Health journal April 2020
Raman spectroscopy for the analysis of coal: a review journal February 2011
Defects, doping, and conduction mechanisms in nitrogen-doped tetrahedral amorphous carbon journal February 1997
Cellulose-derived flake graphite as positive electrodes for Al-ion batteries journal January 2019
Atomistic nature of amorphous graphite journal February 2023
Packing optimization for automated generation of complex system's initial configurations for molecular dynamics and docking journal May 2003
Statistical-Mechanical Theory of Irreversible Processes. II. Response to Thermal Disturbance journal November 1957
Projector augmented-wave method journal December 1994
Model investigation of the Raman spectra of amorphous silicon journal February 1997
Simultaneously improved electrical and mechanical performance of hot-extruded bulk scale aluminum-graphene wires journal July 2023
Efficient iterative schemes for ab initio total-energy calculations using a plane-wave basis set journal October 1996
Carbonization and graphitization journal January 1984
Molecular mechanics. The MM3 force field for hydrocarbons. 1 journal November 1989
Impact of Coal-fired Power Plant Emissions on Children’s Health: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiological Literature journal June 2019
Sulphur behaviour during asphalt heat-treatment journal April 1987
Coal-Derived Activated Carbon for Electrochemical Energy Storage: Status on Supercapacitor, Li-Ion Battery, and Li–S Battery Applications journal November 2021
Inhomogeneous Electron Gas journal November 1964
Ab Initio Simulation of Amorphous Graphite journal June 2022
Coal as an abundant source of graphene quantum dots journal December 2013
Preparation and characterization of carbon foam derived from coal pitch journal November 2016
Carbon foam: Preparation and application journal June 2015
Coal and climate change journal July 2019
Solid-State NMR Studies of the Structure of Graphite Oxide journal January 1996
3D Printing of Sustainable Coal Polymer Composites: Study of Processing, Mechanical Performance, and Atomistic Matrix–Filler Interaction journal November 2023
Polymorphic transitions in single crystals: A new molecular dynamics method journal December 1981
Microstructure of carbon derived from mangrove charcoal and its application in Li-ion batteries journal February 2010
Coal-derived synthetic graphite with high specific capacity and excellent cyclic stability as anode material for lithium-ion batteries journal May 2021
Landmarks for graphitization journal January 2006
Spatial Projection of Electronic Conductivity: The Example of Conducting Bridge Memory Materials journal July 2018
Calculation of Vitrinite Reflectance from Thermal Histories and Peak Temperatures book November 1994
The irreversible expansion of carbon bodies during graphitization journal October 1969
ReaxFF:  A Reactive Force Field for Hydrocarbons journal October 2001
The Boltzmann Equation in the Theory of Electrical Conduction in Metals journal April 1958
Self-Assembly and the Properties of Micro-Mesoporous Carbon journal June 2023
Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple journal October 1996
Space‐Projected Conductivity and Spectral Properties of the Conduction Matrix journal December 2020
High thermoelectric performance in two-dimensional graphyne sheets predicted by first-principles calculations journal January 2015
Experimental study on the pressure dependence of vitrinite maturation journal July 1997
Progress in coal pyrolysis journal May 1993
DFT study of the chemistry of sulfur in graphite, including interactions with defects, edges and folds journal October 2013
Constant pressure molecular dynamics algorithms journal September 1994
Simulation of multi-shell fullerenes using Machine-Learning Gaussian Approximation Potential journal March 2023
Electron spin resonance studies of coals and coal conversion processes: A review journal June 2019
Optical absorption features associated with paramagnetic nitrogen in diamond journal April 1965
The stereochemistry of organosulfur compounds. XIX. The crystal and molecular structure of 10‐(1,3‐dithiolan‐2‐ylidene)‐10H‐indeno[1,2‐f]‐1,2,3,4,5‐pentathiepin journal May 1982
Acoustic and optical modes in vitreous silica, germania and beryllium fluoride journal March 1975
Effect of Oxygen Content on Structures of Graphite Oxides journal April 2011
LAMMPS - a flexible simulation tool for particle-based materials modeling at the atomic, meso, and continuum scales journal February 2022
Preparation of sulfur-doped graphite by solid-state microwave method: The effect of reaction conditions on the sulfur-doping process journal September 2019
The effect of sulphur on the graphitization of carbons derived from polyvinyl chloride-sulphur systems journal October 1966
The preparation of synthetic graphite materials with hierarchical pores from lignite by one-step impregnation and their characterization as dye absorbents journal January 2019
Formation of Amorphous Carbon Multi‐Walled Nanotubes from Random Initial Configurations journal January 2023
Electronic transport in copper–graphene composites journal January 2023
Extreme oxatriquinanes and a record C–O bond length journal November 2012