Metagenomic stable isotope probing reveals bacteriophage participation in soil carbon cycling

Barnett, Samuel E.; Buckley, Daniel H.

doi:10.1111/1462-2920.16395

Title: Metagenomic stable isotope probing reveals bacteriophage participation in soil carbon cycling

Journal Article · 04 May 2023 · Environmental Microbiology

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.16395 · OSTI ID:2228456

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Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (United States); Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI (United States)
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (United States)

Soil viruses are important components of the carbon (C) cycle, yet we still know little about viral ecology in soils. We added diverse ¹³C-labelled carbon sources to soil and we used metagenomic-SIP to detect ¹³C assimilation by viruses and their putative bacterial hosts. These data allowed us to link a ¹³C-labelled bacteriophage to its ¹³C-labelled Streptomyces putative host, and we used qPCR to track the dynamics of the putative host and phage in response to C inputs. Following C addition, putative host numbers increased rapidly for 3 days, and then more gradually, reaching maximal abundance on Day 6. Viral abundance and virus:host ratio increased dramatically over 6 days, and remained high thereafter (8.42 ± 2.94). From Days 6 to 30, virus:host ratio remained high, while putative host numbers declined more than 50%. Putative host populations were ¹³C-labelled on Days 3–30, while ¹³C-labelling of phage was detected on Days 14 and 30. This dynamic suggests rapid growth and ¹³C-labelling of the host fueled by new C inputs, followed by extensive host mortality driven by phage lysis. Furthermore, these findings indicate that the viral shunt promotes microbial turnover in soil following new C inputs, thereby altering microbial community dynamics, and facilitating soil organic matter production.

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Research Organization:: Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Biological Systems Science (BSS)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0016364

OSTI ID:: 2228456

Journal Information:: Environmental Microbiology, Vol. 25, Issue 10; ISSN 1462-2912

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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