Anomalous Loss Reduction Below Two‐Level System Saturation in Aluminum Superconducting Resonators

Tai, Tamin; Cai, Jingnan; Anlage, Steven M.

doi:10.1002/qute.202200145

Title: Anomalous Loss Reduction Below Two‐Level System Saturation in Aluminum Superconducting Resonators

Journal Article · 27 November 2023 · Advanced Quantum Technologies

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.202200145 · OSTI ID:2222556

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Quantum Materials Center, Department of Physics University of Maryland College Park MD 20742‐4111 USA

Abstract Superconducting resonators are widely used in many applications such as qubit readout for quantum computing, and kinetic inductance detectors. These resonators are susceptible to numerous loss and noise mechanisms, especially the dissipation due to two‐level systems (TLS) which become the dominant source of loss in the few‐photon and low temperature regime. In this study, capacitively‐coupled aluminum half‐wavelength coplanar waveguide resonators are investigated. Surprisingly, the loss of the resonators is observed to decrease with a lowering temperature at low excitation powers and temperatures below the TLS saturation. This behavior is attributed to the reduction of the TLS resonant response bandwidth with decreasing temperature and power to below the detuning between the TLS and the resonant photon frequency in a discrete ensemble of TLS. When response bandwidths of TLS are smaller than their detunings from the resonance, the resonant response and thus the loss is reduced. At higher excitation powers, the loss follows a logarithmic power dependence, consistent with predictions from the generalized tunneling model (GTM). A model combining the discrete TLS ensemble with the GTM is proposed and matches the temperature and power dependence of the measured internal loss of the resonator with reasonable parameters.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0018788

OSTI ID:: 2222556

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2228406

Journal Information:: Advanced Quantum Technologies, Journal Name: Advanced Quantum Technologies Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 7; ISSN 2511-9044

Publisher:: Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

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