Urban Versus Lake Impacts on Heat Stress and Its Disparities in a Shoreline City

Chakraborty, TC.; Wang, Jiali; Qian, Yun; Pringle, William; Yang, Zhao; Xue, Pengfei

doi:10.1029/2023GH000869

Title: Urban Versus Lake Impacts on Heat Stress and Its Disparities in a Shoreline City

Journal Article · 21 November 2023 · GeoHealth

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GH000869 · OSTI ID:2217690

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Atmospheric, Climate, and Earth Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
Environmental Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA
Environmental Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geospatial Engineering Michigan Technological University Houghton MI USA

Abstract Shoreline cities are influenced by both urban‐scale processes and land‐water interactions, with consequences on heat exposure and its disparities. Heat exposure studies over these cities have focused on air and skin temperature, even though moisture advection from water bodies can also modulate heat stress. Here, using an ensemble of model simulations covering Chicago, we find that Lake Michigan strongly reduces heat exposure (2.75°C reduction in maximum average air temperature in Chicago) and heat stress (maximum average wet bulb globe temperature reduced by 0.86°C) during the day, while urbanization enhances them at night (2.75 and 1.57°C increases in minimum average air and wet bulb globe temperature, respectively). We also demonstrate that urban and lake impacts on temperature (particularly skin temperature), including their extremes, and lake‐to‐land gradients, are stronger than the corresponding impacts on heat stress, partly due to humidity‐related feedback. Likewise, environmental disparities across community areas in Chicago seen for skin temperature are much higher (1.29°C increase for maximum average values per $10,000 higher median income per capita) than disparities in air temperature (0.50°C increase) and wet bulb globe temperature (0.23°C increase). The results call for consistent use of physiologically relevant heat exposure metrics to accurately capture the public health implications of urbanization.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 2217690

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-185909; e2023GH000869

Journal Information:: GeoHealth, Journal Name: GeoHealth Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 7; ISSN 2471-1403

Publisher:: American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Urban Versus Lake Impacts on Heat Stress and Its Disparities in a Shoreline City

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