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Title: Incorporation of actinides into iron (oxyhydr)oxides: A long-term environmental barrier to radionuclide migration

Journal Article · · Applied Geochemistry

Iron (oxyhydr)oxide minerals are ubiquitous in the sub-surface environment (e.g. soils and sediments) and have the potential to act as a long-term barrier to the migration of radionuclides. The long-lived actinides (e.g. 237Np, 2.14 million year half-life) are particularly challenging, and pose multigenerational technical and policy issues for the remediation of contaminated land and the disposal of radioactive wastes. Over the last decade, increasing evidence indicates that actinides may substitute for Fe in the structure of iron (oxyhydr)oxides. Given the thermodynamic stability of iron (oxyhydr)oxides over the crustal continuum, incorporation may provide long-term immobilization pathways for anthropogenic actinide contaminants. Here, the speciation and coordination adopted by key actinides (i.e. U, Np, Pu and Am) on incorporation into iron (oxyhydr)oxides is reviewed. The stability of these phases under fluctuating environmental conditions is also discussed, to provide constraints on the long-term fate of actinides incorporated into iron (oxyhydr)oxides.

Research Organization:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division (CSGB); Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-76RL01830; FWP 56674
OSTI ID:
2204774
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 2329281
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA-182191
Journal Information:
Applied Geochemistry, Vol. 159; ISSN 0883-2927
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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