Structural adaptation of fungal cell wall in hypersaline environment

Fernando, Liyanage D.; Pérez-Llano, Yordanis; Dickwella Widanage, Malitha C.; Jacob, Anand; Martínez-Ávila, Liliana; Lipton, Andrew S.; Gunde-Cimerman, Nina; Latgé, Jean-Paul; Batista-García, Ramón Alberto; Wang, Tuo

doi:10.1038/s41467-023-42693-6

Title: Structural adaptation of fungal cell wall in hypersaline environment

Journal Article · 03 November 2023 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-42693-6 · OSTI ID:2204730

Fernando, Liyanage D.;

; Dickwella Widanage, Malitha C.; Jacob, Anand;

;

; Latgé, Jean-Paul;

;

Abstract Halophilic fungi thrive in hypersaline habitats and face a range of extreme conditions. These fungal species have gained considerable attention due to their potential applications in harsh industrial processes, such as bioremediation and fermentation under unfavorable conditions of hypersalinity, low water activity, and extreme pH. However, the role of the cell wall in surviving these environmental conditions remains unclear. Here we employ solid-state NMR spectroscopy to compare the cell wall architecture of Aspergillus sydowii across salinity gradients. Analyses of intact cells reveal that A. sydowii cell walls contain a rigid core comprising chitin, β-glucan, and chitosan, shielded by a surface shell composed of galactomannan and galactosaminogalactan. When exposed to hypersaline conditions, A. sydowii enhances chitin biosynthesis and incorporates α-glucan to create thick, stiff, and hydrophobic cell walls. Such structural rearrangements enable the fungus to adapt to both hypersaline and salt-deprived conditions, providing a robust mechanism for withstanding external stress. These molecular principles can aid in the optimization of halophilic strains for biotechnology applications.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Institutes of Health (NIH); USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 2204730

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA--193998; 7082; PII: 42693

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 14; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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