Rapid sensing of hidden objects and defects using a single-pixel diffractive terahertz sensor

Li, Jingxi; Li, Xurong; Yardimci, Nezih T.; Hu, Jingtian; Li, Yuhang; Chen, Junjie; Hung, Yi-Chun; Jarrahi, Mona; Ozcan, Aydogan

doi:10.1038/s41467-023-42554-2

Title: Rapid sensing of hidden objects and defects using a single-pixel diffractive terahertz sensor

Journal Article · 25 October 2023 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-42554-2 · OSTI ID:2203593

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; Hu, Jingtian; Li, Yuhang; Chen, Junjie; Hung, Yi-Chun;

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Abstract Terahertz waves offer advantages for nondestructive detection of hidden objects/defects in materials, as they can penetrate most optically-opaque materials. However, existing terahertz inspection systems face throughput and accuracy restrictions due to their limited imaging speed and resolution. Furthermore, machine-vision-based systems using large-pixel-count imaging encounter bottlenecks due to their data storage, transmission and processing requirements. Here, we report a diffractive sensor that rapidly detects hidden defects/objects within a 3D sample using a single-pixel terahertz detector, eliminating sample scanning or image formation/processing. Leveraging deep-learning-optimized diffractive layers, this diffractive sensor can all-optically probe the 3D structural information of samples by outputting a spectrum, directly indicating the presence/absence of hidden structures or defects. We experimentally validated this framework using a single-pixel terahertz time-domain spectroscopy set-up and 3D-printed diffractive layers, successfully detecting unknown hidden defects inside silicon samples. This technique is valuable for applications including security screening, biomedical sensing and industrial quality control.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0016925

OSTI ID:: 2203593

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Vol. 14 Journal Issue: 1; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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