Topographic evolution of heat-treated Nb upon electropolishing for superconducting rf applications

Lechner, Eric M.; Angle, Jonathan W.; Baxley, Carrie; Kelley, Michael J.; Reece, Charles E.

doi:10.1103/physrevaccelbeams.26.103101

Title: Topographic evolution of heat-treated Nb upon electropolishing for superconducting rf applications

Journal Article · 10 October 2023 · Physical Review Accelerators and Beams

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevaccelbeams.26.103101 · OSTI ID:2008401

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Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)
Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States); Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)

Surface finish plays an essential role in the performance of superconducting radio frequency cavities. Several surface treatments have been developed to reduce surface resistance at modest accelerating gradient. We investigated the effects of sequential electropolishing on samples vacuum heat treated at 300 °C and 600 °C and N-doped Nb samples using atomic force microscopy. Most notably, N-doping promotes the growth of surface niobium nitrides during high-temperature heat treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere. The surface is left as a two-phase system composed of N-doped Nb substrate with nitrides protruding into the surface and preferentially growing at grain boundaries. During electropolishing, the nitrides are preferentially removed, which leaves behind relatively deep holes with low radius of curvature edges. Local magnetic field enhancement and superheating suppression factors upon sequential electropolishing using atomic force micrographs are investigated. The formation and shallow removal of these superficial Nb compounds is found to be particularly detrimental to superheating field suppression factors.

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Research Organization:: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-06OR23177; SC-0018918

OSTI ID:: 2008401

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2055116

Report Number(s):: JLAB-ACC-23-3892; DOE/OR/23177-6786; TRN: US2406456

Journal Information:: Physical Review Accelerators and Beams, Vol. 26, Issue 10; ISSN 2469-9888

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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