Soil carbon storage capacity of drylands under altered fire regimes

Pellegrini, Adam A.; Reich, Peter B.; Hobbie, Sarah E.; Coetsee, Corli; Wigley, Benjamin; February, Edmund; Georgiou, Katerina; Terrer, Cesar; Brookshire, E. N. J.; Ahlström, Anders; Nieradzik, Lars; Sitch, Stephen; Melton, Joe R.; Forrest, Matthew; Li, Fang; Hantson, Stijn; Burton, Chantelle; Yue, Chao; Ciais, Philippe; Jackson, Robert B.

doi:10.1038/s41558-023-01800-7

Title: Soil carbon storage capacity of drylands under altered fire regimes

Journal Article · 01 October 2023 · Nature Climate Change

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-023-01800-7 · OSTI ID:2007602

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Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom); Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN (United States); Univ. of Western Sydney, NSW (Australia). Hawkesbury Inst. for the Environment
University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN (United States)
Kruger National Park, Skukuza (South Africa); Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth (South Africa)
Kruger National Park, Skukuza (South Africa)
Univ. of Cape Town (South Africa)
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT (United States)
Lund Univ. (Sweden)
Univ. of Exeter, (United Kingdom)
Environment and Climate Change Canada, Victoria, BC (Canada)
Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Institute (BiK-F), Frankfurt (Germany)
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China). Inst. of Atmospheric Physics
Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá (Colombia)
Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, Devon (United Kingdom)
Northwest A&F University, Yangling (China). State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gif-sur-Yvette (France). Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement (LSCE); Univ. Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette (France)
Stanford Univ., CA (United States)

The determinants of fire-driven changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) across broad environmental gradients remains unclear, especially in global drylands. Here we combined datasets and field sampling of fire-manipulation experiments to evaluate where and why fire changes SOC and compared our statistical model to simulations from ecosystem models. Drier ecosystems experienced larger relative changes in SOC than humid ecosystems—in some cases exceeding losses from plant biomass pools—primarily explained by high fire-driven declines in tree biomass inputs in dry ecosystems. Many ecosystem models underestimated the SOC changes in drier ecosystems. Upscaling our statistical model predicted that soils in savannah–grassland regions may have gained 0.64 PgC due to net-declines in burned area over the past approximately two decades. Consequently, ongoing declines in fire frequencies have probably created an extensive carbon sink in the soils of global drylands that may have been underestimated by ecosystem models.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); US Dept. of Agriculture (USDA). National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 2007602

Report Number(s):: LLNL--JRNL-850584; 1076779

Journal Information:: Nature Climate Change, Journal Name: Nature Climate Change Journal Issue: 10 Vol. 13; ISSN 1758-678X

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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