Daylength variation affects growth, photosynthesis, leaf metabolism, partitioning, and metabolic fluxes

Xu, Yuan; Koroma, Abubakarr A.; Weise, Sean E.; Fu, Xinyu; Sharkey, Thomas D.; Shachar-Hill, Yair

doi:10.1093/plphys/kiad507

Title: Daylength variation affects growth, photosynthesis, leaf metabolism, partitioning, and metabolic fluxes

Journal Article · 19 September 2023 · Plant Physiology (Bethesda)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiad507 · OSTI ID:2000995

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Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI (United States); Michigan State University
Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI (United States); Emory University, Atlanta, GA (United States)
Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI (United States)

Daylength, a seasonal and latitudinal variable, exerts a substantial impact on plant growth. However, the relationship between daylength and growth is non-proportional, suggesting the existence of adaptive mechanisms. Thus, our study aimed to comprehensively investigate the adaptive strategies employed by plants in response to daylength variation. We grew false flax (Camelina sativa) plants, a model oilseed crop, under long day (LD) and short day (SD) conditions and used growth measurements, gas exchange measurements, and isotopic labeling techniques, including ¹³C, ¹⁴C, and ²H₂O, to determine responses to different daylengths. Our findings revealed that daylength influences various growth parameters, photosynthetic physiology, carbon partitioning, metabolic fluxes, and metabolite levels. SD plants employed diverse mechanisms to compensate for reduced CO₂ fixation in the shorter photoperiod. These mechanisms included enhanced photosynthetic rates and reduced respiration in the light (R_L), leading to increased shoot investment. Additionally, SD plants exhibited reduced rates of the glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) shunt and greater partitioning of sugars into starch, thereby sustaining carbon availability during the longer night. Isotopic labeling results further demonstrated substantial alterations in the partitioning of amino acids and TCA cycle intermediates between rapidly and slowly turning over pools. Overall, the results point to multiple developmental, physiological, and metabolic ways in which plants adapt to different daylengths to maintain growth.

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Research Organization:: Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division (CSGB)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-91ER20021; SC0018269

OSTI ID:: 2000995

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2008398; OSTI ID: 2267603

Journal Information:: Plant Physiology (Bethesda), Journal Name: Plant Physiology (Bethesda) Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 194; ISSN 0032-0889

Publisher:: American Society of Plant BiologistsCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Camelina sativa
carbon partitioning
day length
deuterium oxide labeling
metabolic flux analysis
photosynthesis
plant central metabolism

Title: Daylength variation affects growth, photosynthesis, leaf metabolism, partitioning, and metabolic fluxes

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References (80)

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