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Title: A striking relationship between dust extinction and radio detection in DESI QSOs: evidence for a dusty blow-out phase in red QSOs

Journal Article · · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [2]; ORCiD logo [3];  [2];  [1];  [4];  [5];  [6];  [7];  [8];  [7];  [8];  [3];  [9];  [8];  [10];  [11];  [12];  [5];  [5] more »;  [13];  [10];  [14];  [15];  [5];  [5];  [5];  [11];  [14];  [16];  [17];  [18];  [19];  [20];  [21];  [22];  [5];  [23];  [24];  [14];  [18];  [18] « less
  1. Newcastle University (United Kingdom); Durham University (United States)
  2. Durham University (United States)
  3. University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (United States)
  4. University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY (United States)
  5. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
  6. Boston University, MA (United States)
  7. University of Portsmouth (United Kingdom)
  8. University College London (United Kingdom)
  9. Univ. Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City (Mexico)
  10. The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (United States)
  11. Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) (Spain). Inst. de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE)
  12. Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá (Colombia)
  13. Newcastle University (United Kingdom)
  14. National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory (NOIRLab), Tucson, AZ (United States)
  15. Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX (United States)
  16. Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) (Spain). Inst. Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats (ICREA) and Inst. de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE)
  17. Siena College, Loudonville, NY (United States)
  18. Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing (China)
  19. University of Waterloo, ON (Canada)
  20. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
  21. University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (United States)
  22. Sejong University, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)
  23. Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Tarragona (Spain). Inst. for High Energy Physics (IFAE); Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC)
  24. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations

We present the first eight months of data from our secondary target programme within the ongoing Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) survey. Our programme uses a mid-infrared and optical colour selection to preferentially target dust-reddened quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) that would have otherwise been missed by the nominal DESI QSO selection. So far, we have obtained optical spectra for 3038 candidates, of which ~70 percent of the high-quality objects (those with robust redshifts) are visually confirmed to be Type 1 QSOs, consistent with the expected fraction from the main DESI QSO survey. By fitting a dust-reddened blue QSO composite to the QSO spectra, we find they are well-fitted by a normal QSO with up to AV ~ 4 mag of line-of-sight dust extinction. Utilizing radio data from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) DR2, we identify a striking positive relationship between the amount of line-of-sight dust extinction towards a QSO and the radio detection fraction, that is not driven by radio-loud systems, redshift and/or luminosity effects. This demonstrates an intrinsic connection between dust reddening and the production of radio emission in QSOs, whereby the radio emission is most likely due to low-powered jets or winds/outflows causing shocks in a dusty environment. On the basis of this evidence, we suggest that red QSOs may represent a transitional ‘blow-out’ phase in the evolution of QSOs, where winds and outflows evacuate the dust and gas to reveal an unobscured blue QSO.

Research Organization:
Univ. of Wyoming, Laramie, WY (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities (SUF); USDOE; Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); United Kingdom Research and Innovation (UKRI)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0019022; SC0009959; AC02-05CH11231; NU-012097; MR/V022830/1; ST/S505365/1; ST/P000541/1
OSTI ID:
2000639
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 2281211; OSTI ID: 2311940
Journal Information:
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 525, Issue 4; ISSN 0035-8711
Publisher:
Oxford University PressCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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