Supermassive primordial black holes from inflation

Hooper, Dan; Ireland, Aurora; Krnjaic, Gordan; Stebbins, Albert

doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2024/04/021

Title: Supermassive primordial black holes from inflation

Journal Article · 08 April 2024 · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2024/04/021 · OSTI ID:1996512

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University of Chicago, IL (United States). Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics (KICP); University of Chicago, IL (United States); Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States). Theoretical Astrophysics Group
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States). Theoretical Astrophysics Group

There is controversy surrounding the origin and evolution of our universe's largest supermassive black holes (SMBHs). In this study, we consider the possibility that some of these black holes formed from the direct collapse of primordial density perturbations. Since the mass of a primordial black hole is limited by the size of the cosmological horizon at the time of collapse, these SMBHs must form rather late, and are naively in conflict with constraints from CMB spectral distortions. These limits can be avoided, however, if the distribution of primordial curvature perturbations is highly non-Gaussian. After quantifying the departure from Gaussianity needed to evade these bounds, we explore a model of multi-field inflation — a non-minimal, self-interacting curvaton model — which has all the necessary ingredients to yield such dramatic non-Gaussianities. We leave the detailed model building and numerics to a future study, however, as our goal is to highlight the challenges associated with forming SMBHs from direct collapse and to identify features that a successful model would need to have. This study is particularly timely in light of recent observations of high-redshift massive galaxy candidates by the James Webb Space Telescope as well as evidence from the NANOGrav experiment for a stochastic gravitational wave background consistent with SMBH mergers.

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Research Organization:: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-07CH11359

OSTI ID:: 1996512

Report Number(s):: FERMILAB-PUB-23-390-T; arXiv:2308.00756; oai:inspirehep.net:2684586

Journal Information:: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Journal Name: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Journal Issue: 04 Vol. 2024; ISSN 1475-7516

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Constraints on Supermassive Black Hole Binaries from the Gravitational-wave Background Agazie, Gabriella; Anumarlapudi, Akash; Archibald, Anne M. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Vol. 952, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ace18b	journal	August 2023

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