Exploration of cross-beam energy transfer mitigation constraints for designing an ignition-scale direct-drive inertial confinement fusion driver

Colaïtis, Arnaud; Follett, Russell K.; Dorrer, Christophe; Seaton, Alexander G.; Viala, Diego; Igumenshchev, Igor V.; Turnbull, David; Goncharov, Valeri N.; Froula, Dustin H.

doi:10.1063/5.0150813

Title: Exploration of cross-beam energy transfer mitigation constraints for designing an ignition-scale direct-drive inertial confinement fusion driver

Journal Article · 11 August 2023 · Physics of Plasmas

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0150813 · OSTI ID:1995194

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CEntre Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Talence (France); Laboratory for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester
Univ. of Rochester, NY (United States). Lab. for Laser Energetics
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
CEntre Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Talence (France)

The compression of direct-drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF) targets is strongly impacted by cross-beam energy transfer (CBET), a laser-plasma instability that limits ablation pressure by redirecting laser energy outward and that is projected to be mitigated by laser bandwidth. Here, we explore various CBET mitigation constraints to guide the design of future ICF facilities. First, we find that the flat, Gaussian, and Lorentzian spectral shapes have similar CBET mitigation properties, and a flat shape with nine spectral lines is a good surrogate for what can be obtained with other spectral shapes. Then, we conduct a comprehensive study across energy scales and ignition designs. 3D hydrodynamic simulations are used to derive an analytical model for the expected CBET mitigation as a function of laser and plasma parameters. From this model, we study the bandwidth requirements of conventional and shock ignition designs across four different energy scales and find that they require between 0.5 and 3±0.2% relative bandwidth. Further, best mitigation is achieved when the beam radius over critical radius R_b/R_c is kept low during the drive while the plasma temperature is kept high. In a steady state, we find that the bandwidth required to mitigate 85% of CBET scales as (R_b/R_c)^2.15L_n^–0.58I^0.7, where L_n is the density scale length, and I the laser intensity. Finally, we find that the chamber beam port layout does not influence CBET mitigation. In the case of a driver using many monochromatic beamlets, we find that ~10 beamlets per port is required, with diminishing returns above ~20.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Rochester, NY (United States). Lab. for Laser Energetics

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003856

OSTI ID:: 1995194

Journal Information:: Physics of Plasmas, Journal Name: Physics of Plasmas Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 30; ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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