Statistical chronometry of Meteorites: II. Initial abundances and homogeneity of short-lived radionuclides

Desch, Steven J.; Dunlap, Daniel R.; Williams, Curtis D.; Mane, Prajkta; Dunham, Emilie T.

doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2023.115611

Title: Statistical chronometry of Meteorites: II. Initial abundances and homogeneity of short-lived radionuclides

Journal Article · 05 May 2023 · Icarus

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2023.115611 · OSTI ID:1993701

^[1]; Dunlap, Daniel R. ^[2]; Williams, Curtis D. ^[3]; Mane, Prajkta ^[4]; Dunham, Emilie T. ^[5]

Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ (United States)
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)
Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX (United States)
Univ. of California, Los Angeles, CA (United States)

Astrophysical models of planet formation require accurate radiometric dating of meteoritic components by short-lived (Al-Mg, Mn-Cr, Hf-W) and long-lived (U-Pb) chronometers, to develop a timeline of such events in the solar nebula as formation of Ca-rich, Al-rich Inclusions (CAIs), chondrules, planetesimals, etc. CAIs formed mostly around a time (“t=0”) when the short-lived radionuclide ²⁶Al (t_1/2 = 0.72 Myr) was present and presumably homogeneously distributed at a known level we define as (²⁶Al/²⁷Al)_SS = 5.23 × 10^-5. The time of formation after t=0 of another object can be found by determining its initial (²⁶Al/²⁷Al)₀ ratio and comparing it to (²⁶Al/²⁷Al)_SS. Dating of meteoritic objects using the Mn-Cr or Hf-W systems is hindered because the abundances (⁵³Mn/⁵⁵Mn)_SS and (¹⁸²Hf/¹⁸⁰Hf)_SS at t=0 are not known precisely. To constrain these quantities, we compile literature Al-Mg, Mn-Cr, Hf-W and Pb-Pb data for 13 achondrites and use novel statistical techniques to minimize the discrepancies between their times of formation across these systems. We find that for (⁵³Mn/⁵⁵Mn)_SS = (7.80±0.36)×10^-6, (¹⁸²Hf/¹⁸⁰Hf)_SS = (10.41 ± 0.12) × 10-5, t_SS = 4568.65 ± 0.10 Myr, and a ⁵³Mn half-life of 3.98 ± 0.22 Myr, these four free parameters make concordant 18 formation times recorded by the different systems in all six known volcanic achondrites (the quenched angrites D’Orbigny, Sahara 99555, Northwest Africa 1670; the psuedo-eucrites Asuka 881394 and Ibitira; and the basaltic achondrite Northwest Africa 7325). These parameters also make concordant the ages derived for chondrules from CB/CH achondrites, formed simultaneously in an impact. The other seven achondrites are not quite concordant, but are plutonic angrites or ‘carbonaceous achondrites’ for which simultaneous closure of the isotopic systems might not be expected. Our findings provide very strong support for homogeneity of ²⁶Al, ⁵³Mn, and ¹⁸²Hf in the solar nebula, and our approach offers a path for more precise chronometry

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; NASA

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1993701

Journal Information:: Icarus, Journal Name: Icarus Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 402; ISSN 0019-1035

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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