Toward using collective x-ray Thomson scattering to study C–H demixing and hydrogen metallization in warm dense matter conditions

Ranjan, D.; Ramakrishna, K.; Voigt, K.; Humphries, O. S.; Heuser, B.; Stevenson, M. G.; Lütgert, J.; He, Z.; Qu, C.; Schumacher, S.; May, P. T.; Amouretti, A.; Appel, K.; Brambrink, E.; Cerantola, V.; Chekrygina, D.; Fletcher, L. B.; Göde, S.; Harmand, M.; Hartley, N. J.; Hau-Riege, S. P.; Makita, M.; Pelka, A.; Schuster, A. K.; Šmíd, M.; Toncian, T.; Zhang, M.; Preston, T. R.; Zastrau, U.; Vorberger, J.; Kraus, D.

doi:10.1063/5.0146416

Title: Toward using collective x-ray Thomson scattering to study C–H demixing and hydrogen metallization in warm dense matter conditions

Journal Article · 11 May 2023 · Physics of Plasmas

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0146416 · OSTI ID:1989210

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Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (Germany); Universität Rostock (Germany)
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Gorlitz (Germany)
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (Germany); Technische Universität Dresden (Germany)
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (Germany); European XFEL, Schenefeld (Germany)
Universität Rostock (Germany)
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (Germany); Universität Rostock (Germany); Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma (China)
Sorbonne Université, Paris (France)
European XFEL, Schenefeld (Germany)
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot (United Kingdom)
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (Germany)
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (Germany); Anhui University, Hefei (China)

The insulator–metal transition in liquid hydrogen is an important phenomenon to understand the interiors of gas giants, such as Jupiter and Saturn, as well as the physical and chemical behavior of materials at high pressures and temperatures. Here, the path toward an experimental approach is detailed based on spectrally resolved x-ray scattering, tailored to observe and characterize hydrogen metallization in dynamically compressed hydrocarbons in the regime of carbon–hydrogen phase separation. With the help of time-dependent density functional theory calculations and scattering spectra from undriven carbon samples collected at the European x-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility (EuXFEL), we demonstrate sufficient data quality for observing C–H demixing and investigating the presence of liquid metallic hydrogen in future experiments using the reprated drive laser systems at EuXFEL.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); Helmholtz Association; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Fusion Energy Sciences (FES); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515; ERC-RA-0041; FWP 100182; AC52-07NA27344

OSTI ID:: 1989210

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2475546

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-854855; TRN: US2403907

Journal Information:: Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 30, Issue 5; ISSN 1070-664X

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Toward using collective x-ray Thomson scattering to study C–H demixing and hydrogen metallization in warm dense matter conditions

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