Exploring the S-process History in the Galactic Disk: Cerium Abundances and Gradients in Open Clusters from the OCCAM/APOGEE Sample

Sales-Silva, J. V.; Daflon, S.; Cunha, K.; Souto, D.; Smith, V. V.; Chiappini, C.; Donor, J.; Frinchaboy, P. M.; García-Hernández, D. A.; Hayes, C.; Majewski, S. R.; Masseron, T.; Schiavon, R. P.; Weinberg, D. H.; Beaton, R. L.; Fernández-Trincado, J. G.; Jönsson, H.; Lane, R. R.; Minniti, D.; Manchado, A.; Moni Bidin, C.; Nitschelm, C.; O’Connell, J.; Villanova, S.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac4254

Title: Exploring the S-process History in the Galactic Disk: Cerium Abundances and Gradients in Open Clusters from the OCCAM/APOGEE Sample

Journal Article · 20 February 2022 · The Astrophysical Journal

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac4254 · OSTI ID:1983216

^[1]; Daflon, S. ^[1];

^[1]; Souto, D. ^[2]; Smith, V. V. ^[3]; Chiappini, C. ^[4]; Donor, J. ^[5];

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^[6]; Hayes, C. ^[7];

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^[6];

^[9];

^[10];

^[11]; Fernández-Trincado, J. G. ^[12];

^[13];

^[14]; Minniti, D. ^[15];

^[16] more »

Observatório Nacional/MCTIC, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)
Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Sao Cristovao (Brazil)
Noirlab, Tucson, AZ (United States)
Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP) (Germany)
Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX (United States)
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Tenerife (Spain); Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife (Spain)
University of Washington, Seattle, WA (United States)
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States)
Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool (United Kingdom)
The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (United States); Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ (United States)
Carnegie Observatories, Pasadena, CA (United States)
Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta (Chile); Universidad de Atacama, Copiapo (Chile)
Malmo University (Sweden)
Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago (Chile)
Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago (Chile); Vatican Observatory, Vatican City (Italy)
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Tenerife (Spain); Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife (Spain); Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Spain)
Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta (Chile)
Universidad de Antofagasta, (Chile)
Universidad de Concepción, Concepción (Chile)

The APOGEE Open Cluster Chemical Abundances and Mapping survey is used to probe the chemical evolution of the s-process element cerium in the Galactic disk. Cerium abundances were derived from measurements of Ce ii lines in the APOGEE spectra using the Brussels Automatic Code for Characterizing High Accuracy Spectra in 218 stars belonging to 42 open clusters. Our results indicate that, in general, for ages < 4 Gyr, younger open clusters have higher [Ce/Fe] and [Ce/α-element] ratios than older clusters. In addition, metallicity segregates open clusters in the [Ce/X]–age plane (where X can be H, Fe, or the α-elements O, Mg, Si, or Ca). These metallicity-dependent relations result in [Ce/Fe] and [Ce/α] ratios with ages that are not universal clocks. Radial gradients of [Ce/H] and [Ce/Fe] ratios in open clusters, binned by age, were derived for the first time, with d[Ce/H]/dR_GC being negative, while d[Ce/Fe]/dR_GC is positive. [Ce/H] and [Ce/Fe] gradients are approximately constant over time, with the [Ce/Fe] gradient becoming slightly steeper, changing by ~+0.009 dex kpc^-1 Gyr^-1. Both the [Ce/H] and [Ce/Fe] gradients are shifted to lower values of [Ce/H] and [Ce/Fe] for older open clusters. The chemical pattern of Ce in open clusters across the Galactic disk is discussed within the context of s-process yields from asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, gigayear time delays in Ce enrichment of the interstellar medium, and the strong dependence of Ce nucleosynthesis on the metallicity of its AGB stellar sources.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States); The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (United States); University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

OSTI ID:: 1983216

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal, Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 926; ISSN 0004-637X

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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