What is Important? Morphological Asymmetries are Useful Predictors of Star Formation Rates of Star-forming Galaxies in SDSS Stripe 82

Yesuf, Hassen M.; Ho, Luis C.; Faber, S. M.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac27a7

Title: What is Important? Morphological Asymmetries are Useful Predictors of Star Formation Rates of Star-forming Galaxies in SDSS Stripe 82

Journal Article · 22 December 2021 · The Astrophysical Journal

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac27a7 · OSTI ID:1983190

^[1];

^[2]; Faber, S. M. ^[3]

Peking University, Beijing (China); University of Tokyo (Japan)
Peking University, Beijing (China)
University of California, Santa Cruz, CA (United States)

The morphology and structure of galaxies reflect their star formation and assembly histories. We use the framework of mutual information (MI) to quantify the interdependence among several structural variables and to rank them according to their relevance for predicting the specific star formation rate (SSFR) by comparing the MI of the predictor variables with the SSFR and penalizing variables that are redundant. We apply this framework to study ~3700 face-on star-forming galaxies (SFGs) with varying degrees of bulge dominance and central concentration and with stellar mass $$M$$_* ≈ 10⁹ $$M$$_⊙ at redshift $$z$$ = 0.02–0.12. We use the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Stripe 82 deep $$i$$-band imaging data, which improve measurements of asymmetry and bulge dominance indicators. We find that star-forming galaxies are a multiparameter family. In addition to $$M$$_*, asymmetry emerges as the most powerful predictor of SSFR residuals of SFGs, followed by bulge prominence/concentration. Star-forming galaxies with higher asymmetry and stronger bulges have higher SSFR at a given $$M$$_*. In conclusion, the asymmetry reflects both irregular spiral arms and lopsidedness in seemingly isolated SFGs and structural perturbations by galaxy interactions or mergers.

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Research Organization:: US Department of Energy (USDOE), Washington, DC (United States). Office of Science, Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); National Science Foundation (NSF)

OSTI ID:: 1983190

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal, Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 923; ISSN 0004-637X

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Galaxy pairs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey – VII. The merger–luminous infrared galaxy connection Ellison, Sara L.; Mendel, J. Trevor; Scudder, Jillian M. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 430, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sts546	journal	February 2013
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Tidal-induced lopsidedness in Magellanic-type galaxies Yozin, C.; Bekki, K. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 439, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu075	journal	February 2014
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Two conditions for galaxy quenching: compact centres and massive haloes Woo, Joanna; Dekel, Avishai; Faber, S. M. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 448, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu2755	journal	February 2015
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The importance of minor-merger-driven star formation and black hole growth in disc galaxies Kaviraj, Sugata Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 440, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stu338	journal	April 2014
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The Origin of the Relation between Metallicity and Size in Star-forming Galaxies Almeida, J. Sánchez; Vecchia, C. Dalla The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 859, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aac086	journal	May 2018
Interstellar Medium and Star Formation of Starburst Galaxies on the Merger Sequence Shangguan, Jinyi; Ho, Luis C.; Li, Ruancun The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 870, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaf21a	journal	January 2019
Anomalously Low-metallicity Regions in MaNGA Star-forming Galaxies: Accretion Caught in Action? Hwang, Hsiang-Chih; Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge K.; Heckman, Timothy M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 872, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaf7a3	journal	February 2019
On the Connection between Spiral Arm Pitch Angle and Galaxy Properties Yu, Si-Yue; Ho, Luis C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 871, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aaf895	journal	January 2019
The Probability Distribution of Density Fluctuations in Supersonic Turbulence Pan, Liubin; Padoan, Paolo; Nordlund, Åke The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 881, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab2ed6	journal	August 2019
The Activation of Galactic Nuclei and Their Accretion Rates Are Linked to the Star Formation Rates and Bulge-types of Their Host Galaxies Yesuf, Hassen M.; Faber, S. M.; Koo, David C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 889, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab5fe1	journal	January 2020
xGASS: H i Fueling of Star Formation in Disk-dominated Galaxies Wang, Jing; Catinella, Barbara; Saintonge, Amélie The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 890, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab68dd	journal	February 2020
The Variability of the Star Formation Rate in Galaxies. I. Star Formation Histories Traced by EW(H α ) and EW(H δ _A ) Wang, Enci; Lilly, Simon J. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 892, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab7b7d	journal	April 2020
The Variability of Star Formation Rate in Galaxies. II. Power Spectrum Distribution on the Main Sequence Wang, Enci; Lilly, Simon J. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 895, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab8b5e	journal	May 2020
Quenching as a Contest between Galaxy Halos and Their Central Black Holes Chen, Zhu; Faber, S. M.; Koo, David C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 897, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab9633	journal	July 2020
Gravitational Potential and Surface Density Drive Stellar Populations. II. Star-forming Galaxies Barone, Tania M.; D’Eugenio, Francesco; Colless, Matthew The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 898, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab9951	journal	July 2020
The Star Formation Rate–Radius Connection: Data and Implications for Wind Strength and Halo Concentration Lin, Lin; Faber, S. M.; Koo, David C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 899, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aba755	journal	August 2020
Correlation of Structure and Stellar Properties of Galaxies in Stripe 82 Sachdeva, Sonali; Ho, Luis C.; Li, Yang A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 899, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aba82d	journal	August 2020
Gas Content Regulates the Life Cycle of Star Formation and Black Hole Accretion in Galaxies Yesuf, Hassen M.; Ho, Luis C. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 901, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aba961	journal	September 2020
An Extended Halo-based Group/Cluster Finder: Application to the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys DR8 Yang, Xiaohu; Xu, Haojie; He, Min The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 909, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abddb2	journal	March 2021
SDSS-IV MaNGA: The Radial Profile of Enhanced Star Formation in Close Galaxy Pairs Steffen, Joshua L.; Fu, Hai; Comerford, J. M. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 909, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abe2a5	journal	March 2021
Spiral Structure Boosts Star Formation in Disk Galaxies Yu, Si-Yue; Ho, Luis C.; Wang, Jing The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 917, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac0c77	journal	August 2021
xCOLD GASS: The Complete IRAM 30 m Legacy Survey of Molecular Gas for Galaxy Evolution Studies Saintonge, Amélie; Catinella, Barbara; Tacconi, Linda J. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 233, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aa97e0	journal	December 2017
The Carnegie-Irvine Galaxy Survey. IX. Classification of Bulge Types and Statistical Properties of Pseudo Bulges Gao, Hua; Ho, Luis C.; Barth, Aaron J. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 247, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab67b2	journal	February 2020

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