Singularities in the gravitational capture of dark matter through long-range interactions

Gaidau, Cristian; Shelton, Jessie

doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2022/01/016

Title: Singularities in the gravitational capture of dark matter through long-range interactions

Journal Article · 09 January 2022 · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2022/01/016 · OSTI ID:1979349

Gaidau, Cristian ^[1]; Shelton, Jessie ^[2]

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States); Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)

Here, we re-examine the gravitational capture of dark matter (DM) through long-range interactions. We demonstrate that neglecting the thermal motion of target particles, which is often a good approximation for short-range capture, results in parametrically inaccurate results for long-range capture. When the particle mediating the scattering process has a mass that is small in comparison to the momentum transfer in scattering events, correctly incorporating the thermal motion of target particles results in a quadratic, rather than logarithmic, sensitivity to the mediator mass, which substantially enhances the capture rate. We quantitatively assess the impact of this finite temperature effect on the captured DM population in the Sun as a function of mediator mass. We find that capture of DM through light dark photons, as in e.g. mirror DM, can be powerfully enhanced, with self-capture attaining a geometric limit over much of parameter space. For visibly-decaying dark photons, thermal corrections are not large in the Sun, but may be important in understanding long-range DM capture in more massive bodies such as Population III stars. We additionally provide the first calculation of the long-range DM self-evaporation rate.

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Research Organization:: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0017840

OSTI ID:: 1979349

Journal Information:: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Journal Name: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Journal Issue: 01 Vol. 2022; ISSN 1475-7516

Publisher:: Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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