Bulk entropy is crucial to validate the second law of the extended black hole thermodynamics

Dai, De-Chang; Minic, Djordje; Stojkovic, Dejan

doi:10.1007/jhep12(2021)126

Title: Bulk entropy is crucial to validate the second law of the extended black hole thermodynamics

Journal Article · 16 December 2021 · Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep12(2021)126 · OSTI ID:1976596

Dai, De-Chang ^[1]; Minic, Djordje ^[2]; Stojkovic, Dejan ^[3]

Yangzhou University, Jiangsu (China); Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (United States); State Univ. of New York (SUNY), Buffalo, NY (United States)
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)
State University of New York (SUNY), Buffalo, NY (United States)

The extended black hole thermodynamics in which the cosmological constant plays the role of pressure significantly enriches the phase structure of the theory. In order to understand the extended black hole thermodynamics more precisely, we let the value of the cosmological constant vary dynamically via tunneling from one vacuum to another in a black hole induced vacuum decay. In this process, entropy of the matter/energy released by a black hole is crucial to validate the second law of thermodynamics. In other words, without taking this bulk entropy into account, entropy associated with the black hole and cosmological horizons may not always increase. Since the bulk entropy is not represented by the black hole and the cosmological horizons, this result calls for a more careful interpretation of the holographic principle in which environmental effects are taken into account.

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Research Organization:: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Julian Schwinger Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0020262

OSTI ID:: 1976596

Journal Information:: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online), Journal Name: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online) Journal Issue: 12 Vol. 2021; ISSN 1029-8479

Publisher:: Springer NatureCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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