Four-year Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) Observations: On-sky Receiver Performance at 40, 90, 150, and 220 GHz Frequency Bands

Dahal, Sumit; Appel, John W.; Datta, Rahul; Brewer, Michael K.; Ali, Aamir; Bennett, Charles L.; Bustos, Ricardo; Chan, Manwei; Chuss, David T.; Cleary, Joseph; Couto, Jullianna D.; Denis, Kevin L.; Dünner, Rolando; Eimer, Joseph; Espinoza, Francisco; Essinger-Hileman, Thomas; Golec, Joseph E.; Harrington, Kathleen; Helson, Kyle; Iuliano, Jeffrey; Karakla, John; Li, Yunyang; Marriage, Tobias A.; McMahon, Jeffrey J.; Miller, Nathan J.; Novack, Sasha; Núñez, Carolina; Osumi, Keisuke; Padilla, Ivan L.; Palma, Gonzalo A.; Parker, Lucas; Petroff, Matthew A.; Reeves, Rodrigo; Rhoades, Gary; Rostem, Karwan; Valle, Deniz A. N.; Watts, Duncan J.; Weiland, Janet L.; Wollack, Edward J.; Xu, Zhilei

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac397c

Title: Four-year Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) Observations: On-sky Receiver Performance at 40, 90, 150, and 220 GHz Frequency Bands

Journal Article · 08 February 2022 · The Astrophysical Journal

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac397c · OSTI ID:1975644

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NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States); Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States)
Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States)
Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción (Chile)
Villanova Univ., PA (United States)
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States)
Pontifica Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago (Chile)
Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States)
Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States); Univ. of Chicago, IL (United States)
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD (United States); Univ. of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD (United States)
University of Chile, Santiago (Chile)
Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States); Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Universidad de Concepción (Chile)
Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States); Univ. of Oslo (Norway)
Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States); Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)

The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) observes the polarized cosmic microwave background (CMB) over the angular scales of 1° ≲ θ ≤ 90° with the aim of characterizing primordial gravitational waves and cosmic reionization. We report on the on-sky performance of the CLASS Q-band (40 GHz), W-band (90 GHz), and dichroic G-band (150/220 GHz) receivers that have been operational at the CLASS site in the Atacama desert since 2016 June, 2018 May, and 2019 September, respectively. We show that the noise-equivalent power measured by the detectors matches the expected noise model based on on-sky optical loading and lab-measured detector parameters. Using Moon, Venus, and Jupiter observations, we obtain power to antenna temperature calibrations and optical efficiencies for the telescopes. From the CMB survey data, we compute instantaneous array noise-equivalent-temperature sensitivities of 22, 19, 23, and 71 $$\mu {{\rm{K}}}_{\mathrm{cmb}}\sqrt{{\rm{s}}}$$ for the 40, 90, 150, and 220 GHz frequency bands, respectively. These noise temperatures refer to white noise amplitudes, which contribute to sky maps at all angular scales. Future papers will assess additional noise sources impacting larger angular scales.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001

OSTI ID:: 1975644

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-21-25008

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal, Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 926; ISSN 0004-637X

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Four-year Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) Observations: On-sky Receiver Performance at 40, 90, 150, and 220 GHz Frequency Bands

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