Radiation-induced negative optical nonlinearities in fused silica, sapphire, and borosilicate glass

Morgan, B. W.; Van Zile, M. P.; Petrie, Christian M.; Sabharwall, P.; Burger, M.; Jovanovic, I.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2023.154486

Title: Radiation-induced negative optical nonlinearities in fused silica, sapphire, and borosilicate glass

Journal Article · 04 May 2023 · Journal of Nuclear Materials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2023.154486 · OSTI ID:1973323

^[1]; Van Zile, M. P. ^[2];

^[3]; Sabharwall, P. ^[4]; Burger, M. ^[5];

^[5]

Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
The Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Idaho National Lab. (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States); Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)
Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

Here, negative nonlinear absorption is reported in neutron- and gamma-irradiated high-OH content fused silica, low-OH content fused silica, sapphire, borosilicate glass, and radiation-resistant borosilicate glass irradiated to total neutron fluences of 3.4 × 10¹⁶ n ∙ cm^–2 (42 Mrad γ), 1.7 × 10¹⁷ n ∙ cm^–2 (211 Mrad γ), and 3.6 × 10¹⁷ n ∙ cm^–2 (433 Mrad γ). Nonlinear absorption coefficients were measured via Z-scan and are on the order of – (10^–14–10^–10) m∙W^–1. The Z-scan also reveals a negative nonlinear index of refraction in neutron- and gamma-irradiated radiation-resistant borosilicate glass on the order of –10^–19 m²∙ W^–1. Thermal annealing at temperatures up to 800 °C is shown to restore these nonlinearities to their positive unirradiated values in all four materials. All Z-scan measurements were performed at 532 nm with a nanosecond pulsed laser. The occurrence of negative nonlinearities may be attributed to the presence of metallic impurities and the resulting saturable absorption. A limited effect of photobleaching is observed in measurements and is quantified in multiple Z-scans.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; NE0008906; HDTRA1-20-2-0002

OSTI ID:: 1973323

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1973306

Journal Information:: Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 582; ISSN 0022-3115

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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