Pulse profile modelling of thermonuclear burst oscillations − I. The effect of neglecting variability

Kini, Yves; Salmi, Tuomo; Watts, Anna L.; Vinciguerra, Serena; Choudhury, Devarshi; Fenne, Siem; Bogdanov, Slavko; Meisel, Zach; Suleimanov, Valery

doi:10.1093/mnras/stad1030

Title: Pulse profile modelling of thermonuclear burst oscillations − I. The effect of neglecting variability

Journal Article · 05 April 2023 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad1030 · OSTI ID:1972485

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; Fenne, Siem;

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ABSTRACT We study the effects of the time-variable properties of thermonuclear X-ray bursts on modelling their millisecond-period burst oscillations. We apply the pulse profile modelling technique that is being used in the analysis of rotation-powered millisecond pulsars by the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer to infer masses, radii, and geometric parameters of neutron stars. By simulating and analysing a large set of models, we show that overlooking burst time-scale variability in temperatures and sizes of the hot emitting regions can result in substantial bias in the inferred mass and radius. To adequately infer neutron star properties, it is essential to develop a model for the time-variable properties or invest a substantial amount of computational time in segmenting the data into non-varying pieces. We discuss prospects for constraints from proposed future X-ray telescopes.

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Research Organization:: Ohio Univ., Athens, OH (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: German Research Foundation (DFG); National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-88ER40387; NA0003909; SC0019042

OSTI ID:: 1972485

Journal Information:: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Journal Name: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 522; ISSN 0035-8711

Publisher:: Oxford University PressCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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Three-dimensional Instability of Flame Fronts in Type I X-Ray Bursts Cavecchi, Yuri; Spitkovsky, Anatoly The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 882, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab3650	journal	September 2019
The Multipolar Magnetic Field of the Millisecond Pulsar PSR J0030+0451 Kalapotharakos, Constantinos; Wadiasingh, Zorawar; Harding, Alice K. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 907, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abcec0	journal	January 2021
Radius Constraints from Reflection Modeling of Cygnus X-2 with NuSTAR and NICER Ludlam, R. M.; Cackett, E. M.; García, J. A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 927, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac5028	journal	March 2022
The Radius of PSR J0740+6620 from NICER with NICER Background Estimates Salmi, Tuomo; Vinciguerra, Serena; Choudhury, Devarshi The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 941, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac983d	journal	December 2022
A Uniform Search for Thermonuclear Burst Oscillations in the RXTE Legacy Data Set Bilous, Anna V.; Watts, Anna L. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 245, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab2fe1	journal	November 2019
The Multi-INstrument Burst ARchive (MINBAR) Galloway, Duncan K.; in ’t Zand, Jean; Chenevez, Jérôme The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol. 249, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab9f2e	journal	August 2020
A NICER View of PSR J0030+0451: Millisecond Pulsar Parameter Estimation Riley, T. E.; Watts, A. L.; Bogdanov, S. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 887, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab481c	journal	December 2019
PSR J0030+0451 Mass and Radius from NICER Data and Implications for the Properties of Neutron Star Matter Miller, M. C.; Lamb, F. K.; Dittmann, A. J. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 887, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab50c5	journal	December 2019
A NICER View of PSR J0030+0451: Evidence for a Global-scale Multipolar Magnetic Field Bilous, A. V.; Watts, A. L.; Harding, A. K. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 887, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab53e7	journal	December 2019
Constraining the Neutron Star Mass–Radius Relation and Dense Matter Equation of State with NICER . II. Emission from Hot Spots on a Rapidly Rotating Neutron Star Bogdanov, Slavko; Lamb, Frederick K.; Mahmoodifar, Simin The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 887, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab5968	journal	December 2019
A Numerical Model for the Multiwavelength Lightcurves of PSR J0030+0451 Chen, Alexander Y.; Yuan, Yajie; Vasilopoulos, Georgios The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 893, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab85c5	journal	April 2020
Constraining the Neutron Star Mass–Radius Relation and Dense Matter Equation of State with NICER. III. Model Description and Verification of Parameter Estimation Codes Bogdanov, Slavko; Dittmann, Alexander J.; Ho, Wynn C. G. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Vol. 914, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/abfb79	journal	June 2021
The Radius of PSR J0740+6620 from NICER and XMM-Newton Data Miller, M. C.; Lamb, F. K.; Dittmann, A. J. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Vol. 918, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ac089b	journal	September 2021
A NICER View of the Massive Pulsar PSR J0740+6620 Informed by Radio Timing and XMM-Newton Spectroscopy Riley, Thomas E.; Watts, Anna L.; Ray, Paul S. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Vol. 918, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ac0a81	journal	September 2021
STROBE-X: X-ray Timing and Spectroscopy on Dynamical Timescales from Microseconds to Years Ray, Paul S.; Arzoumanian, Zaven; Ballantyne, David arXiv https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1903.03035	preprint	January 2019
Pulse Profile Modeling of Thermonuclear Burst Oscillations I: The Effect of Neglecting Variability Kini, Yves; Salmi, Tuomo; Watts, Anna L. Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7665653	journalarticle	January 2023

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