Dispersive Charge Transfer State Electroluminescence in Organic Solar Cells

Lampande, Raju; Pizano, Adrian; Gui, Manting; Cawthorn, Robert; Rand, Barry P.; Giebink, Noel C.

doi:10.1002/aenm.202300394

Title: Dispersive Charge Transfer State Electroluminescence in Organic Solar Cells

Journal Article · 02 May 2023 · Advanced Energy Materials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202300394 · OSTI ID:1972386

^[1];

^[1]; Gui, Manting ^[2]; Cawthorn, Robert ^[1]; Rand, Barry P. ^[2];

^[3]

Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA (United States)
Princeton University, NJ (United States)
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA (United States)

The notion of quasi-equilibrium is central to most solar cells; however, it has been questioned in organic photovoltaics (OPVs) owing to strong energetic disorder that frustrates efficient relaxation of electrons and holes within their respective density of states (DOS). Here, we apply modulation electroluminescence (EL) spectroscopy to OPVs and find that the frequency response of charge transfer (CT) state EL on the high energy side of the spectrum differs from that of the low energy side. This observation confirms that static disorder contributes substantially to the linewidth of the steady-state EL spectrum and is unambiguous proof that the distribution of CT states formed by electrical injection in the dark is not in quasi-equilibrium. These results emphasize the need for caution when analyzing OPV cells on the basis of reciprocity models that assume quasi-equilibrium holds, and highlight a new method to study this unusual aspect of OPV operation.

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Research Organization:: Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012365; SC0012458

OSTI ID:: 1972386

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1983412; OSTI ID: 1991177

Journal Information:: Advanced Energy Materials, Vol. 13, Issue 24; ISSN 1614-6832

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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