On the Anticorrelation between Duration and Redshift in Gamma-Ray Bursts

Lloyd-Ronning, Nicole; Johnson, Jarrett; Cheng, Roseanne M.; Luu, Ken; Sanderbeck, Phoebe Upton; Kenoly, Lailani; Toral, Celia

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acc795

Title: On the Anticorrelation between Duration and Redshift in Gamma-Ray Bursts

Journal Article · 25 April 2023 · The Astrophysical Journal

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acc795 · OSTI ID:1971531

;

; Luu, Ken; Sanderbeck, Phoebe Upton; Kenoly, Lailani; Toral, Celia

Abstract For gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with durations greater than two seconds (so-called long GRBs), the intrinsic prompt gamma-ray emission appears, on average, to last longer for bursts at lower redshifts. We explore the nature of this duration–redshift anticorrelation, describing systems and conditions in which this cosmological evolution could arise. In particular, we explore its dependence on the metallicity of a massive star progenitor, because we can securely count on the average stellar metallicity to increase with decreasing redshift. Although stars with higher metallicity/lower redshift lose mass and angular momentum through line-driven winds, in some cases these stars are able to form more extended accretion disks when they collapse, potentially leading to longer-duration GRBs. We also examine how this duration–redshift trend may show up in interacting binary models composed of a massive star and compact object companion, recently suggested to be the progenitors of radio-bright GRBs. Under certain conditions, mass loss and equation-of-state effects from massive stars with higher metallicity and lower redshift can decrease the binary separation. This can then lead to spin-up of the massive star and allow for a longer-duration GRB upon the massive star’s collapse. Finally, the duration–redshift trend may also be supported by a relatively larger population of small-separation binaries born in situ at low redshift.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001

OSTI ID:: 1971531

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-22-32979; LA-UR-23-32646

Journal Information:: The Astrophysical Journal, Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 947; ISSN 0004-637X

Publisher:: American Astronomical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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