DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Neutrino transport in general relativistic neutron star merger simulations

Journal Article · · Living Reviews in Computational Astrophysics (Online)

Abstract Numerical simulations of neutron star–neutron star and neutron star–black hole binaries play an important role in our ability to model gravitational-wave and electromagnetic signals powered by these systems. These simulations have to take into account a wide range of physical processes including general relativity, magnetohydrodynamics, and neutrino radiation transport. The latter is particularly important in order to understand the properties of the matter ejected by many mergers, the optical/infrared signals powered by nuclear reactions in the ejecta, and the contribution of that ejecta to astrophysical nucleosynthesis. However, accurate evolutions of the neutrino transport equations that include all relevant physical processes remain beyond our current reach. In this review, I will discuss the current state of neutrino modeling in general relativistic simulations of neutron star mergers and of their post-merger remnants. I will focus on the three main types of algorithms used in simulations so far: leakage, moments, and Monte-Carlo scheme. I will review the advantages and limitations of each scheme, as well as the various neutrino–matter interactions that should be included in simulations. We will see that the quality of the treatment of neutrinos in merger simulations has greatly increased over the last decade, but also that many potentially important interactions remain difficult to take into account in simulations (pair annihilation, oscillations, inelastic scattering).

Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231
OSTI ID:
1958339
Journal Information:
Living Reviews in Computational Astrophysics (Online), Journal Name: Living Reviews in Computational Astrophysics (Online) Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 9; ISSN 2365-0524
Publisher:
Springer Science + Business MediaCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
Switzerland
Language:
English

References (181)

Efficient Implementation of Weighted ENO Schemes journal June 1996
Neutrino Transport in Supernovae and Protoneutron Stars by Monte Carlo Methods book January 1991
Neutrino processes in dense matter journal May 1976
Neutron star mergers and how to study them journal November 2020
Coalescence of black hole–neutron star binaries journal December 2021
An implicit Monte Carlo scheme for calculating time and frequency dependent nonlinear radiation transport journal December 1971
Towards the ultimate conservative difference scheme. IV. A new approach to numerical convection journal March 1977
A random walk procedure for improving the computational efficiency of the implicit Monte Carlo method for nonlinear radiation transport journal June 1984
Maximum entropy Eddington factors journal December 1978
Relating Eddington factors to flux limiters journal February 1984
Maximum entropy eddington factors in flux-limited neutrino diffusion journal December 1989
Neutrino emission from neutron stars journal November 2001
Etude théorique et numérique d'une hiérarchie de modèles aux moments pour le transfert radiatif journal November 1999
An improved weighted essentially non-oscillatory scheme for hyperbolic conservation laws journal March 2008
A numerical model for multigroup radiation hydrodynamics journal May 2011
Neutrino opacities in nuclear matter journal October 2006
Neutrino fast flavor instability in three dimensions for a neutron star merger journal November 2023
Short-hard gamma-ray bursts journal April 2007
Nucleosynthesis, neutrino bursts and γ-rays from coalescing neutron stars journal July 1989
A ‘kilonova’ associated with the short-duration γ-ray burst GRB 130603B journal August 2013
A gravitational-wave standard siren measurement of the Hubble constant journal October 2017
A Hubble constant measurement from superluminal motion of the jet in GW170817 journal July 2019
Hyperbolic character of the angular moment equations of radiative transfer and numerical methods journal September 2000
MOCASSIN: a fully three-dimensional Monte Carlo photoionization code journal April 2003
High-resolution calculations of merging neutron stars - II. Neutrino emission journal July 2003
THC: a new high-order finite-difference high-resolution shock-capturing code for special-relativistic hydrodynamics journal October 2012
MODA: a new algorithm to compute optical depths in multidimensional hydrodynamic simulations journal August 2014
Exploring the nature of ambiguous merging systems: GW190425 in low latency journal October 2021
Efficiency of Neutrino Annihilation around Spinning Black Holes conference January 2009
The tidal disruption of neutron stars by black holes in close binaries journal November 1976
A flux-limited diffusion theory journal August 1981
Neutrino flows in collapsing stars - A two-fluid model journal October 1986
Type II supernovae and Boltzmann neutrino transport - The infall phase journal March 1993
Maximum entropy distribution and closure for Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac radiation transport journal September 1994
Neutrino annihilation in Type II supernovae journal March 1987
Stellar core collapse - Numerical model and infall epoch journal August 1985
ZEUS-2D: A radiation magnetohydrodynamics code for astrophysical flows in two space dimensions. III - The radiation hydrodynamic algorithms and tests journal May 1992
Supernova Neutrino Opacity from Nucleon‐Nucleon Bremsstrahlung and Related Processes journal November 1998
General Relativistic Augmentation of Neutrino Pair Annihilation Energy Deposition near Neutron Stars journal June 1999
Hyperaccreting Black Holes and Gamma‐Ray Bursts journal June 1999
Transient Events from Neutron Star Mergers journal November 1998
Using Gravitational‐Wave Standard Sirens journal August 2005
Time‐dependent Monte Carlo Radiative Transfer Calculations for Three‐dimensional Supernova Spectra, Light Curves, and Polarization journal November 2006
Neutrino Signatures and the Neutrino-Driven wind in Binary Neutron star Mergers journal December 2008
The Isotropic Diffusion Source Approximation for Supernova Neutrino Transport journal May 2009
Exploring Short Gamma-Ray Bursts as Gravitational-Wave Standard Sirens journal November 2010
Black Hole-Neutron star Mergers and Short Gamma-Ray Bursts: a Relativistic toy Model to Estimate the mass of the Torus journal January 2011
A new Monte Carlo Method for Time-Dependent Neutrino Radiation Transport journal August 2012
OPACITIES AND SPECTRA OF THE r -PROCESS EJECTA FROM NEUTRON STAR MERGERS journal August 2013
Effect of a high Opacity on the Light Curves of Radioactively Powered Transients from Compact Object Mergers journal August 2013
The Locations of Short Gamma-Ray Bursts as Evidence for Compact Object Binary Progenitors journal September 2013
Black Hole-Neutron star Mergers with a hot Nuclear Equation of State: Outflow and Neutrino-Cooled disk for a Low-Mass, High-Spin case journal September 2013
Shattering Flares During Close Encounters of Neutron Stars journal October 2013
A Comparison of two- and Three-Dimensional Neutrino-Hydrodynamics Simulations of Core-Collapse Supernovae journal April 2014
bhlight : GENERAL RELATIVISTIC RADIATION MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS WITH MONTE CARLO TRANSPORT journal June 2015
Monte Carlo Neutrino Transport Through Remnant Disks from Neutron star Mergers journal October 2015
A Decade of Short-Duration Gamma-Ray Burst Broadband Afterglows: Energetics, Circumburst Densities, and jet Opening Angles journal December 2015
r-PROCESS LANTHANIDE PRODUCTION AND HEATING RATES IN KILONOVAE journal December 2015
grmonty: A MONTE CARLO CODE FOR RELATIVISTIC RADIATIVE TRANSPORT journal October 2009
A TWO-MOMENT RADIATION HYDRODYNAMICS MODULE IN ATHENA USING A TIME-EXPLICIT GODUNOV METHOD journal June 2013
Radiation Transport for Explosive Outflows: a Multigroup Hybrid Monte Carlo Method journal November 2013
An Open-Source Neutrino Radiation Hydrodynamics code for Core-Collapse Supernovae journal August 2015
Relativistic radiative transfer for spherical flows journal July 1994
A new open-source code for spherically symmetric stellar collapse to neutron stars and black holes journal May 2010
An implementation of the microphysics in full general relativity: a general relativistic neutrino leakage scheme journal May 2010
Neutrino scattering, absorption and annihilation above the accretion discs of gamma ray bursts journal February 2006
The influence of neutrinos on the nucleosynthesis of accretion disc outflows journal February 2014
Dynamical ejecta from precessing neutron star-black hole mergers with a hot, nuclear-theory based equation of state journal January 2017
General relativistic simulations of compact binary mergers as engines for short gamma-ray bursts journal March 2017
Dynamics, nucleosynthesis, and kilonova signature of black hole—neutron star merger ejecta journal July 2017
Spritz: general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics with neutrinos journal March 2021
Mapping dynamical ejecta and disk masses from numerical relativity simulations of neutron star mergers journal December 2021
Neutrino pair annihilation above merger remnants: implications of a long-lived massive neutron star journal July 2017
Binary neutron star mergers: a review of Einstein’s richest laboratory journal July 2017
Electromagnetic Transients Powered by Nuclear Decay in the Tidal Tails of Coalescing Compact Binaries journal July 2011
AN r -PROCESS KILONOVA ASSOCIATED WITH THE SHORT-HARD GRB 130603B journal August 2013
PRODUCTION OF ALL THE r -PROCESS NUCLIDES IN THE DYNAMICAL EJECTA OF NEUTRON STAR MERGERS journal June 2014
Eccentric Mergers of Black Holes with Spinning Neutron Stars journal June 2015
Electromagnetic extraction of energy from Kerr black holes journal July 1977
Relativistic radiative transfer: moment formalisms journal February 1981
Two-moment scheme for general-relativistic radiation hydrodynamics: a systematic description and new applications journal May 2020
The landscape of disc outflows from black hole–neutron star mergers journal July 2020
Beyond moments: relativistic lattice Boltzmann methods for radiative transport in computational astrophysics journal August 2020
Calibration of the Advanced Spectral Leakage scheme for neutron star merger simulations, and extension to smoothed-particle hydrodynamics journal May 2021
Neutrino absorption and other physics dependencies in neutrino-cooled black hole accretion discs journal October 2021
Numerical relativity simulations of the neutron star merger GW190425: microphysics and mass ratio effects journal August 2022
A new moment-based general-relativistic neutrino-radiation transport code: Methods and first applications to neutron star mergers journal March 2022
Magnetic field effects on nucleosynthesis and kilonovae from neutron star merger remnants journal September 2023
Semi-implicit scheme for treating radiation under M1 closure in general relativistic conservative fluid dynamics codes journal January 2013
Delayed outflows from black hole accretion tori following neutron star binary coalescence journal August 2013
Neutrino-driven winds from neutron star merger remnants journal August 2014
Red or blue? A potential kilonova imprint of the delay until black hole formation following a neutron star merger journal May 2014
Comprehensive nucleosynthesis analysis for ejecta of compact binary mergers journal February 2015
Dynamical mass ejection from binary neutron star mergers journal May 2016
Monte Carlo closure for moment-based transport schemes in general relativistic radiation hydrodynamic simulations journal January 2018
Long-term GRMHD simulations of neutron star merger accretion discs: implications for electromagnetic counterparts journal October 2018
The role of magnetic field geometry in the evolution of neutron star merger accretion discs journal September 2019
A multidimensional implementation of the Advanced Spectral neutrino Leakage scheme journal October 2019
Improved leakage-equilibration-absorption scheme ( ileas ) for neutrino physics in compact object mergers journal March 2019
Full transport model of GW170817-like disk produces a blue kilonova journal July 2019
Modeling the gravitational wave signature of neutron star black hole coalescences journal June 2020
Generalized Kompaneets formalism for inelastic neutrino-nucleon scattering in supernova simulations journal July 2020
Aligned-spin neutron-star–black-hole waveform model based on the effective-one-body approach and numerical-relativity simulations journal August 2020
Long-term evolution of neutron-star merger remnants in general relativistic resistive magnetohydrodynamics with a mean-field dynamo term journal September 2021
Impact of the nuclear symmetry energy on the post-merger phase of a binary neutron star coalescence journal December 2021
Large eddy simulations of magnetized mergers of neutron stars with neutrinos journal May 2022
Jet launching from binary neutron star mergers: Incorporating neutrino transport and magnetic fields journal May 2022
General-relativistic neutrino-radiation magnetohydrodynamic simulation of seconds-long black hole-neutron star mergers journal July 2022
Investigating GW190425 with numerical-relativity simulations journal October 2022
Fast flavor instability in hypermassive neutron star disk outflows journal November 2022
Monte Carlo–based relativistic radiation hydrodynamics code with a higher-order scheme journal January 2023
Study of the agreement between binary neutron star ejecta models derived from numerical relativity simulations journal March 2023
General-relativistic neutrino-radiation magnetohydrodynamics simulation of seconds-long black hole-neutron star mergers: Dependence on the initial magnetic field strength, configuration, and neutron-star equation of state journal June 2023
Analysis of the antineutrino capture on protons journal May 1984
Numerical rates for nucleon-nucleon, axion bremsstrahlung journal October 1988
Finding black holes in numerical spacetimes journal April 1994
Stellar Energy-Loss Rates in a Convergent Theory of Weak and Electromagnetic Interactions journal August 1972
Weak magnetism for antineutrinos in supernovae journal January 2002
Constraining neutron-star tidal Love numbers with gravitational-wave detectors journal January 2008
Linearized flavor-stability analysis of dense neutrino streams journal September 2011
Tidal effects in binary neutron star coalescence journal August 2012
Black-hole–neutron-star mergers: Disk mass predictions journal December 2012
Conservative 3 + 1 general relativistic variable Eddington tensor radiation transport equations journal May 2013
Magnetized neutron stars with realistic equations of state and neutrino cooling journal May 2014
Neutrino quantum kinetics journal May 2014
Neutron star-black hole mergers with a nuclear equation of state and neutrino cooling: Dependence in the binary parameters journal July 2014
Post-merger evolution of a neutron star-black hole binary with neutrino transport journal June 2015
Efficient magnetic-field amplification due to the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in binary neutron star mergers journal December 2015
Low mass binary neutron star mergers: Gravitational waves and neutrino emission journal February 2016
Dynamical mass ejection from the merger of asymmetric binary neutron stars: Radiation-hydrodynamics study in general relativity journal June 2016
Matter-neutrino resonance transitions above a neutron star merger remnant journal November 2016
Impact of an improved neutrino energy estimate on outflows in neutron star merger simulations journal December 2016
Imprints of neutrino-pair flavor conversions on nucleosynthesis in ejecta from neutron-star merger remnants journal December 2017
Evaluating radiation transport errors in merger simulations using a Monte Carlo algorithm journal September 2018
Effective-one-body multipolar waveform for tidally interacting binary neutron stars up to merger journal February 2019
Electromagnetic and Gravitational Outputs from Binary-Neutron-Star Coalescence journal August 2013
Effects of Neutron-Star Dynamic Tides on Gravitational Waveforms within the Effective-One-Body Approach journal May 2016
GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral journal October 2017
Three-Dimensional General-Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of Remnant Accretion Disks from Neutron Star Mergers: Outflows and r -Process Nucleosynthesis journal December 2017
Viscous Dissipation and Heat Conduction in Binary Neutron-Star Mergers journal January 2018
GW170817: Measurements of Neutron Star Radii and Equation of State journal October 2018
Neutrino Fast Flavor Conversions in Neutron-Star Postmerger Accretion Disks journal June 2021
Reconnection-Powered Fast Radio Transients from Coalescing Neutron Star Binaries journal June 2023
GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Second Observing Runs journal September 2019
Electromagnetic counterparts of compact object mergers powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei: Transients from compact object mergers journal June 2010
Radiation hydrodynamics of triggered star formation: the effect of the diffuse radiation field: Radiation hydrodynamics of star formation journal November 2011
Monte Carlo radiation hydrodynamics: methods, tests and application to Type Ia supernova ejecta: Monte Carlo radiation hydrodynamics journal August 2012
Neutrino flow and the Collapse of Stellar Cores journal October 1975
Truncated Moment Formalism for Radiation Hydrodynamics in Numerical Relativity journal June 2011
The Dynamics of Binary Neutron Star Mergers and GW170817 journal October 2020
Electromagnetic Signatures of Neutron Star Mergers in the Advanced LIGO Era journal October 2016
A Brief Overview of Black Hole-Neutron Star Mergers journal July 2020
Thinking Outside the Box: Numerical Relativity with Particles journal June 2022
Beta Equilibrium under Neutron Star Merger Conditions journal October 2021
General-Relativistic Three-Dimensional Multi-Group Neutrino Radiation-Hydrodynamics Simulations of Core-Collapse Supernovae journal October 2016
Radio Counterparts of Compact Binary Mergers Detectable in Gravitational Waves: a Simulation for an Optimized Survey journal November 2016
A new Multi-Energy Neutrino Radiation-Hydrodynamics code in full General Relativity and its Application to the Gravitational Collapse of Massive Stars journal February 2016
An Advanced Leakage Scheme for Neutrino Treatment in Astrophysical Simulations journal April 2016
Properties of Neutrino-driven Ejecta from the Remnant of a Binary Neutron Star Merger: Pure Radiation Hydrodynamics Case journal September 2017
A Detailed Comparison of Multidimensional Boltzmann Neutrino Transport Methods in Core-collapse Supernovae journal October 2017
Two-dimensional Core-collapse Supernova Explosions Aided by General Relativity with Multidimensional Neutrino Transport journal February 2018
Three-dimensional GRMHD Simulations of Neutrino-cooled Accretion Disks from Neutron Star Mergers journal May 2018
Mass Ejection from the Remnant of a Binary Neutron Star Merger: Viscous-radiation Hydrodynamics Study journal June 2018
Binary Neutron Star Mergers: Mass Ejection, Electromagnetic Counterparts, and Nucleosynthesis journal December 2018
Covariant Radiative Transfer for Black Hole Spacetimes journal January 2020
MOCMC: Method of Characteristics Moment Closure, a Numerical Method for Covariant Radiation Magnetohydrodynamics journal March 2020
Postmerger Mass Ejection of Low-mass Binary Neutron Stars journal September 2020
Igniting Weak Interactions in Neutron Star Postmerger Accretion Disks journal November 2021
Implementation of Monte Carlo Transport in the General Relativistic SpEC Code journal October 2021
The Challenges Ahead for Multimessenger Analyses of Gravitational Waves and Kilonova: A Case Study on GW190425 journal December 2021
Angular-momentum Transport in Proto-neutron Stars and the Fate of Neutron Star Merger Remnants journal November 2022
Comprehensive Study of Mass Ejection and Nucleosynthesis in Binary Neutron Star Mergers Leaving Short-lived Massive Neutron Stars journal January 2023
Fornax: A Flexible Code for Multiphysics Astrophysical Simulations journal February 2019
ν bhlight : Radiation GRMHD for Neutrino-driven Accretion Flows journal April 2019
Chimera: A Massively Parallel Code for Core-collapse Supernova Simulations journal April 2020
Neutron-Star Merger Ejecta as Obstacles to Neutrino-Powered jets of Gamma-Ray Bursts journal January 2016
A Strong Jet Signature in the Late-time Light Curve of GW170817 journal November 2018
GW190425: Observation of a Compact Binary Coalescence with Total Mass ∼ 3.4 M journal March 2020
A Magnetar Engine for Short GRBs and Kilonovae journal October 2020
Monte-Carlo Neutrino Transport in Neutron Star Merger Simulations journal October 2020
Observation of Gravitational Waves from Two Neutron Star–Black Hole Coalescences journal June 2021

Similar Records

Related Subjects