The Transcriptional Response of Soil Bacteria to Long-Term Warming and Short-Term Seasonal Fluctuations in a Terrestrial Forest

Roy Chowdhury, Priyanka; Golas, Stefan M.; Alteio, Lauren V.; Stevens, Joshua E.; Billings, Andrew F.; Blanchard, Jeffrey L.; Melillo, Jerry M.; DeAngelis, Kristen M.

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.666558

Title: The Transcriptional Response of Soil Bacteria to Long-Term Warming and Short-Term Seasonal Fluctuations in a Terrestrial Forest

Journal Article · 26 August 2021 · Frontiers in Microbiology

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.666558 · OSTI ID:1904475

Roy Chowdhury, Priyanka ^[1]; Golas, Stefan M. ^[2]; Alteio, Lauren V. ^[2]; Stevens, Joshua E. ^[3]; Billings, Andrew F. ^[2]; Blanchard, Jeffrey L. ^[2]; Melillo, Jerry M. ^[4]; DeAngelis, Kristen M. ^[2]

Keene State College, NH (United States); OSTI
Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA (United States)
Univ. of South Carolina, Columbia, SC (United States)
Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (United States)

Terrestrial ecosystems are an important carbon store, and this carbon is vulnerable to microbial degradation with climate warming. After 30 years of experimental warming, carbon stocks in a temperate mixed deciduous forest were observed to be reduced by 30% in the heated plots relative to the controls. In addition, soil respiration was seasonal, as was the warming treatment effect. We therefore hypothesized that long-term warming will have higher expressions of genes related to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism due to increased utilization of recalcitrant carbon pools compared to controls. Because of the seasonal effect of soil respiration and the warming treatment, we further hypothesized that these patterns will be seasonal. We used RNA sequencing to show how the microbial community responds to long-term warming (~30 years) in Harvard Forest, MA. Total RNA was extracted from mineral and organic soil types from two treatment plots (+5°C heated and ambient control), at two time points (June and October) and sequenced using Illumina NextSeq technology. Treatment had a larger effect size on KEGG annotated transcripts than on CAZymes, while soil types more strongly affected CAZymes than KEGG annotated transcripts, though effect sizes overall were small. Although, warming showed a small effect on overall CAZymes expression, several carbohydrate-associated enzymes showed increased expression in heated soils (~68% of all differentially expressed transcripts). Further, exploratory analysis using an unconstrained method showed increased abundances of enzymes related to polysaccharide and lipid metabolism and decomposition in heated soils. Compared to long-term warming, we detected a relatively small effect of seasonal variation on community gene expression. Together, these results indicate that the higher carbohydrate degrading potential of bacteria in heated plots can possibly accelerate a self-reinforcing carbon cycle-temperature feedback in a warming climate.

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Research Organization:: Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0010740

OSTI ID:: 1904475

Journal Information:: Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Name: Frontiers in Microbiology Vol. 12; ISSN 1664-302X

Publisher:: Frontiers Research FoundationCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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Title: The Transcriptional Response of Soil Bacteria to Long-Term Warming and Short-Term Seasonal Fluctuations in a Terrestrial Forest

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