Hydrophilic nanoparticles that kill bacteria while sparing mammalian cells reveal the antibiotic role of nanostructures

Jiang, Yunjiang; Zheng, Wan; Tran, Keith; Kamilar, Elizabeth; Bariwal, Jitender; Ma, Hairong; Liang, Hongjun

doi:10.1038/s41467-021-27193-9

Title: Hydrophilic nanoparticles that kill bacteria while sparing mammalian cells reveal the antibiotic role of nanostructures

Journal Article · 10 January 2022 · Nature Communications

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27193-9 · OSTI ID:1903972

Jiang, Yunjiang ^[1]; Zheng, Wan ^[2]; Tran, Keith ^[2]; Kamilar, Elizabeth ^[2];

^[2]; Ma, Hairong ^[2];

^[2]

Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX (United States). Health Science Center; OSTI
Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX (United States). Health Science Center

To dissect the antibiotic role of nanostructures from chemical moieties belligerent to both bacterial and mammalian cells, here we show the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of nanoparticle-pinched polymer brushes (NPPBs) consisting of chemically inert silica nanospheres of systematically varied diameters covalently grafted with hydrophilic polymer brushes that are non-toxic and non-bactericidal. Assembly of the hydrophilic polymers into nanostructured NPPBs doesn’t alter their amicability with mammalian cells, but it incurs a transformation of their antimicrobial potential against bacteria, including clinical multidrug-resistant strains, that depends critically on the nanoparticle sizes. The acquired antimicrobial potency intensifies with small nanoparticles but subsides quickly with large ones. We identify a threshold size (d_silica ~ 50 nm) only beneath which NPPBs remodel bacteria-mimicking membrane into 2D columnar phase, the epitome of membrane pore formation. This study illuminates nanoengineering as a viable approach to develop nanoantibiotics that kill bacteria upon contact yet remain nontoxic when engulfed by mammalian cells.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL); Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX (United States). Health Science Center

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); National Science Foundation (NSF); South Plains Foundation; CH Foundation; National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1903972

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 13; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Hydrophilic nanoparticles that kill bacteria while sparing mammalian cells reveal the antibiotic role of nanostructures

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