Cooperative Activation of CO2 and Epoxide by a Heterobinuclear Al–Fe Complex via Radical Pair Mechanisms

Sinhababu, Soumen; Radzhabov, Maxim R.; Telser, Joshua; Mankad, Neal P.

doi:10.1021/jacs.1c13108

Title: Cooperative Activation of CO₂ and Epoxide by a Heterobinuclear Al–Fe Complex via Radical Pair Mechanisms

Journal Article · 14 February 2022 · Journal of the American Chemical Society

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.1c13108 · OSTI ID:1903194

^[1]; Radzhabov, Maxim R. ^[2];

^[3];

^[2]

Univ. of Illinois, Chicago, IL (United States); University of Illinois at Chicago
Univ. of Illinois, Chicago, IL (United States)
Roosevelt Univ., Chicago, IL (United States)

Activation of inert molecules like CO₂ is often mediated by cooperative chemistry between two reactive sites within a catalytic assembly, the most common form of which is Lewis acid/base bifunctionality observed in both natural metalloenzymes and synthetic systems. Here, we disclose a heterobinuclear complex with an Al–Fe bond that instead activates CO₂ and other substrates through cooperative behavior of two radical intermediates. The complex L^dipp(Me)AlFp (2, L^dipp = HC{(CMe)(2,6-ⁱPr₂C₆H₃N)}₂, Fp = FeCp(CO)₂, Cp = η⁵-C₅H₅) was found to insert CO₂ and cyclohexene oxide, producing L^dippAl(Me)(μ:κ₂-O₂C)Fp (3) and L^dippAl(Me)(μ-OC₆H₁₀)Fp (4), respectively. Detailed mechanistic studies indicate unusual pathways in which (i) the Al–Fe bond dissociates homolytically to generate formally Al^II and Fe^I metalloradicals, then (ii) the metalloradicals add to substrate in a pairwise fashion initiated by O-coordination to Al. The accessibility of this unusual mechanism is aided, in part, by the redox noninnocent nature of L^dipp that stabilizes the formally Al^II intermediates, instead giving them predominantly Al^III-like physical character. The redox noninnocent nature of the radical intermediates was elucidated through direct observation of L^dippAl(Me)(OCPh₂) (22), a metalloradical species generated by addition of benzophenone to 2. Complex 22 was characterized by X-band EPR, Q-band EPR, and ENDOR spectroscopies as well as computational modeling. As a result, the “radical pair” pathway represents an unprecedented mechanism for CO₂ activation.

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Research Organization:: Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0019342; SC0021055; AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1903194

Journal Information:: Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Name: Journal of the American Chemical Society Journal Issue: 7 Vol. 144; ISSN 0002-7863

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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Title: Cooperative Activation of CO2 and Epoxide by a Heterobinuclear Al–Fe Complex via Radical Pair Mechanisms

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Title: Cooperative Activation of CO₂ and Epoxide by a Heterobinuclear Al–Fe Complex via Radical Pair Mechanisms