Heinz-resistant tomato cultivars exhibit a lignin-based resistance to field dodder (Cuscuta campestris) parasitism

Jhu, Min-Yao; Farhi, Moran; Wang, Li; Philbrook, Richard N.; Belcher, Michael S.; Nakayama, Hokuto; Zumstein, Kristina S.; Rowland, Sarah D.; Ron, Mily; Shih, Patrick M.; Sinha, Neelima R.

doi:10.1093/plphys/kiac024

Title: Heinz-resistant tomato cultivars exhibit a lignin-based resistance to field dodder (Cuscuta campestris) parasitism

Journal Article · 30 January 2022 · Plant Physiology (Bethesda)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiac024 · OSTI ID:1891488

^[1]; Farhi, Moran ^[2]; Wang, Li ^[3]; Philbrook, Richard N. ^[4];

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Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); Univ. of Cambridge (United Kingdom)
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); The Better Meat Co., West Sacramento, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); Nanjing Normal University (China)
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); Dark Heart Nursery, Davis, CA (United States)
Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI), Emeryville, CA (United States); Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); Univ. of Tokyo (Japan)
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Davis, CA (United States); Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI), Emeryville, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Cuscuta species (dodders) are agriculturally destructive, parasitic angiosperms. These parasitic plants use haustoria as physiological bridges to extract nutrients and water from hosts. Cuscuta campestris has a broad host range and wide geographical distribution. While some wild tomato relatives are resistant, cultivated tomatoes are generally susceptible to C. campestris infestations. However, some specific Heinz tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) hybrid cultivars exhibit resistance to dodders in the field, but their defense mechanism was previously unknown. Here, we discovered that the stem cortex in these resistant lines responds with local lignification upon C. campestris attachment, preventing parasite entry into the host. Lignin Induction Factor 1 (LIF1, an AP2-like transcription factor), SlMYB55, and Cuscuta R-gene for Lignin-based Resistance 1, a CC-NBS-LRR (CuRLR1) are identified as factors that confer host resistance by regulating lignification. SlWRKY16 is upregulated upon C. campestris infestation and potentially negatively regulates LIF1 function. Intriguingly, CuRLR1 may play a role in signaling or function as an intracellular receptor for receiving Cuscuta signals or effectors, thereby regulating lignification-based resistance. In summary, these four regulators control the lignin-based resistance response in specific Heinz tomato cultivars, preventing C. campestris from parasitizing resistant tomatoes. This discovery provides a foundation for investigating multilayer resistance against Cuscuta species and has potential for application in other essential crops attacked by parasitic plants.

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Research Organization:: Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI), Emeryville, CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA); Taiwan Government; USDA; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 1891488

Journal Information:: Plant Physiology (Bethesda), Journal Name: Plant Physiology (Bethesda) Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 189; ISSN 0032-0889

Publisher:: American Society of Plant BiologistsCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Heinz-resistant tomato cultivars exhibit a lignin-based resistance to field dodder (Cuscuta campestris) parasitism

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