DOE PAGES title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Constraints on ion velocity distributions from fusion product spectroscopy

Journal Article · · Nuclear Fusion

Abstract Recent inertial confinement fusion experiments have shown primary fusion spectral moments which are incompatible with a Maxwellian velocity distribution description. These results show that an ion kinetic description of the reacting ions is necessary. We develop a theoretical classification of non-Maxwellian ion velocity distributions using the spectral moments. At the mesoscopic level, a monoenergetic decomposition of the velocity distribution reveals there are constraints on the space of spectral moments accessible by isotropic distributions. General expressions for the directionally dependent spectral moments of anisotropic distributions are derived. At the macroscopic level, a distribution of fluid element velocities modifies the spectral moments in a constrained manner. Experimental observations can be compared to these constraints to identify the character and isotropy of the underlying reactant ion velocity distribution and determine if the plasma is hydrodynamic or kinetic.

Research Organization:
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC52-07NA27344; NA0003525; NA0003856
OSTI ID:
1890757
Report Number(s):
LLNL-JRNL-844882
Journal Information:
Nuclear Fusion, Journal Name: Nuclear Fusion Journal Issue: 12 Vol. 62; ISSN 0029-5515
Publisher:
IOP PublishingCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
IAEA
Language:
English

References (27)

Sur les fonctions convexes et les inégalités entre les valeurs moyennes journal January 1906
On Symmetric irreducible tensors in d -dimensions journal November 1998
Relativistically correct DD and DT neutron spectra journal June 2014
A pairwise nuclear fusion algorithm for weighted particle-in-cell plasma simulations journal July 2019
Scattering kinematics: Transformation of differential cross sections between two moving frames journal August 1978
The effect of turbulent kinetic energy on inferred ion temperature from neutron spectra journal July 2014
Investigation of ion kinetic effects in direct-drive exploding-pusher implosions at the NIF journal December 2014
Reaction-in-flight neutrons as a test of stopping power in degenerate plasmas journal August 2015
Analysis of the neutron time-of-flight spectra from inertial confinement fusion experiments journal November 2015
Calibration of a neutron time-of-flight detector with a rapid instrument response function for measurements of bulk fluid motion on OMEGA journal October 2018
Using multiple neutron time of flight detectors to determine the hot spot velocity journal October 2018
Impact of three-dimensional hot-spot flow asymmetry on ion-temperature measurements in inertial confinement fusion experiments journal October 2018
Bi-Maxwellian, slowing-down, and ring velocity distributions of fast ions in magnetized plasmas journal February 2019
A model for ideal m =1 internal kink stabilization by minority ion cyclotron resonant heating journal May 1995
Improved formulas for fusion cross-sections and thermal reactivities journal April 1992
Relativistic calculation of fusion product spectra for thermonuclear plasmas journal November 1998
Spectra of neutrons from a beam-driven fusion source journal May 2015
Interpreting inertial fusion neutron spectra journal February 2016
Fusion neutron energies and spectra journal July 1973
The production spectrum in fusion plasmas journal February 2011
Deuterium temperature, drift velocity, and density measurements in non-Maxwellian plasmas at ASDEX Upgrade journal February 2018
Exploration of the Transition from the Hydrodynamiclike to the Strongly Kinetic Regime in Shock-Driven Implosions journal May 2014
Thermal decoupling of deuterium and tritium during the inertial confinement fusion shock-convergence phase journal July 2021
Deciphering the kinetic structure of multi-ion plasma shocks journal November 2017
Evidence for Stratification of Deuterium-Tritium Fuel in Inertial Confinement Fusion Implosions journal February 2012
Knudsen Layer Reduction of Fusion Reactivity journal August 2012
Ion Thermal Decoupling and Species Separation in Shock-Driven Implosions journal January 2015

Similar Records

Inertial Fusion Energy Studies on an Earth Simulator-Class Computer
Technical Report · Tue Aug 13 04:00:00 UTC 2002 · OSTI ID:15002127

A Perturbative Solution for Nonlinear Stratified Upwelling over a Frictional Slope
Journal Article · Sun Oct 01 04:00:00 UTC 2023 · Journal of Physical Oceanography · OSTI ID:2580152

Fluid and drift-kinetic description of a magnetized plasma with low collisionality and slow dynamics orderings. II. Ion theory
Journal Article · Sat Oct 15 04:00:00 UTC 2011 · Physics of Plasmas · OSTI ID:22046965