Synthesis and Stability of an Eight‐Coordinated Fe 3 O 4 High‐Pressure Phase: Implications for the Mantle Structure of Super‐Earths

Zurkowski, C. C.; Yang, J.; Chariton, S.; Prakapenka, V. B.; Fei, Y.

doi:10.1029/2022JE007344

Title: Synthesis and Stability of an Eight‐Coordinated Fe ₃ O ₄ High‐Pressure Phase: Implications for the Mantle Structure of Super‐Earths

Journal Article · 17 August 2022 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JE007344 · OSTI ID:1882239

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^[1]; Chariton, S. ^[2];

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Earth and Planets Laboratory Carnegie Institution for Science Washington DC USA
Center for Advanced Radiation Sources The University of Chicago Lemont IL USA

Abstract Super‐Earths ranging up to 10 Earth masses (M _E ) with Earth‐like density are common among the observed exoplanets thus far, but their measured masses and radii do not uniquely elucidate their internal structure. Exploring the phase transitions in the Mg‐silicates that define the mantle‐structure of super‐Earths is critical to characterizing their interiors, yet the relevant terapascal conditions are experimentally challenging for direct structural analysis. Here we investigated the crystal chemistry of Fe ₃ O ₄ as a low‐pressure analog to Mg ₂ SiO ₄ between 45–115 GPa and up to 3000 K using powder and single crystal X‐ray diffraction in the laser‐heated diamond anvil cell. Between 60–115 GPa and above 2000 K, Fe ₃ O ₄ adopts an 8‐fold coordinated Th ₃ P ₄ ‐type structure ( I ‐43d, Z = 4) with disordered Fe ²⁺ and Fe ³⁺ into one metal site. This Fe‐oxide phase is isostructural with that predicted for Mg ₂ SiO ₄ above 500 GPa in super‐Earth mantles and suggests that Mg ₂ SiO ₄ can incorporate both ferric and ferrous iron at these conditions. The pressure‐volume behavior observed in this 8‐fold coordinated Fe ₃ O ₄ indicates a maximum 4% density increase across the 6‐ to 8‐fold coordination transition in the analog Mg‐silicate. Reassessment of the FeO—Fe ₃ O ₄ fugacity buffer considering the Fe ₃ O ₄ phase relationships identified in this study reveals that increasing pressure and temperature to 120 GPa and 3000 K in Earth and planetary mantles drives iron toward oxidation.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 1882239

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research. Planets Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 127; ISSN 2169-9097

Publisher:: American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Synthesis and Stability of an Eight‐Coordinated Fe ₃ O ₄ High‐Pressure Phase: Implications for the Mantle Structure of Super‐Earths