Ultra-power-efficient heterogeneous III–V/Si MOSCAP (de-)interleavers for DWDM optical links
Abstract
We discuss the design and demonstration of various III–V/Si asymmetric Mach–Zehnder interferometer (AMZI) and ring-assisted AMZI (de-)interleavers operating at O-band wavelengths with 65 GHz channel spacing. The wafer-bonded III–V/Si metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor (MOSCAP) structure facilitates ultra-low-power phase tuning on a heterogeneous platform that allows for complete monolithic transceiver photonic integration. The second- and third-order MOSCAP AMZI (de-)interleavers exhibit cross-talk (XT) levels down to dB and with tuning powers of 83.0 nW and 53.0 nW, respectively. The one-, two-, and three-ring-assisted MOSCAP AMZI (de-)interleavers have XT levels down to dB, dB, and for tuning powers of 10.0 nW, 7220.0 nW, and 33.6 nW, respectively. The leakage current density is measured to be in the range of . To the best of our knowledge, we have demonstrated for the first time, athermal III–V/Si MOSCAP (de-)interleavers with the lowest XT and reconfiguration power consumption on a silicon platform.
- Authors:
- Publication Date:
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E)
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1880894
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AR0001039
- Resource Type:
- Published Article
- Journal Name:
- Photonics Research
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Photonics Research Journal Volume: 10 Journal Issue: 2; Journal ID: ISSN 2327-9125
- Publisher:
- Optical Society of America
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Citation Formats
Cheung, Stanley, Kurczveil, Geza, Hu, Yingtao, Fu, Mingye, Yuan, Yuan, Liang, Di, and Beausoleil, Raymond G. Ultra-power-efficient heterogeneous III–V/Si MOSCAP (de-)interleavers for DWDM optical links. United States: N. p., 2022.
Web. doi:10.1364/PRJ.444991.
Cheung, Stanley, Kurczveil, Geza, Hu, Yingtao, Fu, Mingye, Yuan, Yuan, Liang, Di, & Beausoleil, Raymond G. Ultra-power-efficient heterogeneous III–V/Si MOSCAP (de-)interleavers for DWDM optical links. United States. https://doi.org/10.1364/PRJ.444991
Cheung, Stanley, Kurczveil, Geza, Hu, Yingtao, Fu, Mingye, Yuan, Yuan, Liang, Di, and Beausoleil, Raymond G. Mon .
"Ultra-power-efficient heterogeneous III–V/Si MOSCAP (de-)interleavers for DWDM optical links". United States. https://doi.org/10.1364/PRJ.444991.
@article{osti_1880894,
title = {Ultra-power-efficient heterogeneous III–V/Si MOSCAP (de-)interleavers for DWDM optical links},
author = {Cheung, Stanley and Kurczveil, Geza and Hu, Yingtao and Fu, Mingye and Yuan, Yuan and Liang, Di and Beausoleil, Raymond G.},
abstractNote = {We discuss the design and demonstration of various III–V/Si asymmetric Mach–Zehnder interferometer (AMZI) and ring-assisted AMZI (de-)interleavers operating at O-band wavelengths with 65 GHz channel spacing. The wafer-bonded III–V/Si metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor (MOSCAP) structure facilitates ultra-low-power phase tuning on a heterogeneous platform that allows for complete monolithic transceiver photonic integration. The second- and third-order MOSCAP AMZI (de-)interleavers exhibit cross-talk (XT) levels down to − 22 dB and − 32 dB with tuning powers of 83.0 nW and 53.0 nW, respectively. The one-, two-, and three-ring-assisted MOSCAP AMZI (de-)interleavers have XT levels down to − 27 dB, − 22 dB, and − 20 dB for tuning powers of 10.0 nW, 7220.0 nW, and 33.6 nW, respectively. The leakage current density is measured to be in the range of 1.6 – 27 μA / cm 2 . To the best of our knowledge, we have demonstrated for the first time, athermal III–V/Si MOSCAP (de-)interleavers with the lowest XT and reconfiguration power consumption on a silicon platform.},
doi = {10.1364/PRJ.444991},
journal = {Photonics Research},
number = 2,
volume = 10,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Jan 24 00:00:00 EST 2022},
month = {Mon Jan 24 00:00:00 EST 2022}
}
https://doi.org/10.1364/PRJ.444991
Works referenced in this record:
How to stop data centres from gobbling up the world’s electricity
journal, September 2018
- Jones, Nicola
- Nature, Vol. 561, Issue 7722
Flat-top MZI filters: a novel robust design based on MMI splitters
conference, March 2016
- Cherchi, Matteo; Harjanne, Mikko; Ylinen, Sami
- SPIE OPTO, SPIE Proceedings
Fabrication tolerant flat-top interleavers
conference, February 2017
- Cherchi, Matteo; Sun, Fei; Kapulainen, Markku
- SPIE OPTO, SPIE Proceedings
Highly efficient vertical outgassing channels for low-temperature InP-to-silicon direct wafer bonding on the silicon-on-insulator substrate
journal, January 2008
- Liang, D.; Bowers, J. E.
- Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures, Vol. 26, Issue 4
Reconfigurable and tunable compact comb filter and (de)interleaver on silicon platform
journal, January 2018
- Zhou, Nan; Zheng, Shuang; Long, Yun
- Optics Express, Vol. 26, Issue 4
Low-Power-Consumption Integrated Tunable Filters for WDM Switching Applications in Silicon Photonics
journal, September 2018
- Manganelli, C. L.; Velha, P.; Pintus, P.
- IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Vol. 30, Issue 18
64 Gbps PAM4 Si-Ge Waveguide Avalanche Photodiodes With Excellent Temperature Stability
journal, September 2020
- Yuan, Yuan; Huang, Zhihong; Wang, Binhao
- Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 38, Issue 17
Optical Implementation of 2 × 2 Universal Unitary Matrix Transformations
journal, May 2021
- Macho‐Ortiz, Andrés; Pérez‐López, Daniel; Capmany, José
- Laser & Photonics Reviews, Vol. 15, Issue 7
Programmable multifunctional integrated nanophotonics
journal, July 2018
- Pérez, Daniel; Gasulla, Ivana; Capmany, José
- Nanophotonics, Vol. 7, Issue 8
Reconfigurable lattice mesh designs for programmable photonic processors
journal, January 2016
- Pérez, Daniel; Gasulla, Ivana; Capmany, José
- Optics Express, Vol. 24, Issue 11
On-Chip Hybrid Silicon Quantum Dot Comb Laser with 14 Error-Free Channels
conference, September 2018
- Kurczveil, Geza; Zhang, Chong; Descos, Antoine
- 2018 IEEE International Semiconductor Laser Conference (ISLC)
Performance Requirements for Terabit-Class Silicon Photonic Links Based on Cascaded Microring Resonators
journal, July 2020
- London, Yanir; Van Vaerenbergh, Thomas; Ramini, Luca
- Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 38, Issue 13
Polarization-Insensitive 5x20Gb/s WDM Ge Receiver using Compact Si Ring Filters with Collective Thermal Tuning
conference, January 2014
- De Heyn, Peter; De Coster, Jeroen; Verheyen, Peter
- Optical Fiber Communication Conference
Energy Efficiency Analysis of Comb Source Carrier-Injection Ring-Based Silicon Photonic Link
journal, March 2020
- London, Yanir; Van Vaerenbergh, Thomas; Rizzo, Anthony J.
- IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, Vol. 26, Issue 2
Multipurpose silicon photonics signal processor core
journal, September 2017
- Pérez, Daniel; Gasulla, Ivana; Crudgington, Lee
- Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1
Compact Single-Mode Silicon Hybrid Rib/Strip Waveguide With Adiabatic Bends
journal, June 2011
- Bogaerts, W.; Selvaraja, S. K.
- IEEE Photonics Journal, Vol. 3, Issue 3
Error-free DWDM transmission and crosstalk analysis for a silicon photonics transmitter
journal, January 2015
- Seyedi, M. Ashkan; Chen, Chin-Hui; Fiorentino, Marco
- Optics Express, Vol. 23, Issue 26
32 Gbps heterogeneously integrated quantum dot waveguide avalanche photodiodes on silicon
journal, January 2021
- Tossoun, Bassem; Kurczveil, Geza; Srinivasan, Sudharsanan
- Optics Letters, Vol. 46, Issue 16
Broadband silicon photonic directional coupler using asymmetric-waveguide based phase control
journal, January 2015
- Lu, Zeqin; Yun, Han; Wang, Yun
- Optics Express, Vol. 23, Issue 3
Electrooptical effects in silicon
journal, January 1987
- Soref, R.; Bennett, B.
- IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, Vol. 23, Issue 1
Recent advances in optical technologies for data centers: a review
journal, January 2018
- Cheng, Qixiang; Bahadori, Meisam; Glick, Madeleine
- Optica, Vol. 5, Issue 11
Mesh-Structure-Enabled Programmable Multitask Photonic Signal Processor on a Silicon Chip
journal, May 2020
- Cao, Xiaoping; Zheng, Shuang; Long, Yun
- ACS Photonics, Vol. 7, Issue 10
Flat-Top CWDM (De)Multiplexer Based on MZI With Bent Directional Couplers
journal, January 2018
- Xu, Hongnan; Shi, Yaocheng
- IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Vol. 30, Issue 2
Low-crosstalk and fabrication-tolerant four-channel CWDM filter based on dispersion-engineered Mach-Zehnder interferometers
journal, January 2021
- Xu, Hongnan; Dai, Daoxin; Shi, Yaocheng
- Optics Express, Vol. 29, Issue 13
High Responsivity Si-Ge Waveguide Avalanche Photodiodes Enhanced by Loop Reflector
journal, March 2022
- Yuan, Yuan; Huang, Zhihong; Zeng, Xiaoge
- IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, Vol. 28, Issue 2: Optical Detectors
Programmable photonic signal processor chip for radiofrequency applications
journal, January 2015
- Zhuang, Leimeng; Roeloffzen, Chris G. H.; Hoekman, Marcel
- Optica, Vol. 2, Issue 10
Cascaded Mach-Zehnder wavelength filters in silicon photonics for low loss and flat pass-band WDM (de-)multiplexing
journal, January 2013
- Horst, Folkert; Green, William M. J.; Assefa, Solomon
- Optics Express, Vol. 21, Issue 10
Reconfigurable High-Resolution Microwave Photonic Filter Based on Dual-Ring-Assisted MZIs on the Si 3 N 4 Platform
journal, December 2018
- Sun, Qiankun; Zhou, Linjie; Lu, Liangjun
- IEEE Photonics Journal, Vol. 10, Issue 6
Heterogeneous silicon light sources for datacom applications
journal, August 2018
- Liang, Di; Kurczveil, Geza; Huang, Xue
- Optical Fiber Technology, Vol. 44
High dielectric constant oxides
journal, December 2004
- Robertson, J.
- The European Physical Journal Applied Physics, Vol. 28, Issue 3, p. 265-291
Toward athermal silicon-on-insulator (de)multiplexers in the O-band
journal, January 2015
- Hassan, Karim; Sciancalepore, Corrado; Harduin, Julie
- Optics Letters, Vol. 40, Issue 11
Proposed silicon wire interleaver structure
journal, January 2008
- Song, Junfeng; Fang, Q.; Tao, S. H.
- Optics Express, Vol. 16, Issue 11
Ultra-Broadband Interleaver for Extreme Wavelength Scaling in Silicon Photonic Links
journal, January 2021
- Rizzo, Anthony; Cheng, Qixiang; Daudlin, Stuart
- IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Vol. 33, Issue 1
Fabrication-Tolerant Four-Channel Wavelength-Division-Multiplexing Filter Based on Collectively Tuned Si Microrings
journal, August 2013
- De Heyn, Peter; De Coster, Jeroen; Verheyen, Peter
- Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 31, Issue 16
Recalibrating global data center energy-use estimates
journal, February 2020
- Masanet, Eric; Shehabi, Arman; Lei, Nuoa
- Science, Vol. 367, Issue 6481
Thermo-Optical Enhanced Silicon Wire Interleavers
journal, December 2008
- Song, J. F.; Tao, S. H.; Fang, Q.
- IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Vol. 20, Issue 24
Athermal and flat-topped silicon Mach-Zehnder filters
journal, January 2016
- Deng, Qingzhong; Liu, Lu; Zhang, Rui
- Optics Express, Vol. 24, Issue 26
High bandwidth on-chip silicon photonic interleaver
journal, January 2010
- Luo, Lian-Wee; Ibrahim, Salah; Nitkowski, Arthur
- Optics Express, Vol. 18, Issue 22
Design and Experimental Demonstration of a Compact Silicon Photonic Interleaver Based on an Interfering Loop With Wide Spectral Range
journal, September 2017
- Jiang, Xinhong; Yang, Yuxing; Zhang, Hongxia
- Journal of Lightwave Technology, Vol. 35, Issue 17
Compact silicon photonic interleaver based on a self-coupled optical waveguide
journal, January 2016
- Lai, Sinan; Xu, Zhen; Liu, Boyu
- Applied Optics, Vol. 55, Issue 27
Passive ring-assisted Mach-Zehnder interleaver on silicon-on-insulator
journal, January 2008
- Song, Junfeng; Fang, Q.; Tao, S. H.
- Optics Express, Vol. 16, Issue 12
Programmable photonic circuits
journal, October 2020
- Bogaerts, Wim; Pérez, Daniel; Capmany, José
- Nature, Vol. 586, Issue 7828