Rates and delay times of type Ia supernovae in the Dark Energy Survey

Journal Article · 09 July 2021 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1943 · OSTI ID:1872963

Wiseman, P.  ^[1]; Sullivan, M.  ^[1]; Smith, M. ^[2]; Frohmaier, C.  ^[3]; Vincenzi, M.  ^[4]; Graur, O.  ^[4]; Popovic, B. ^[5]; Armstrong, P. ^[6]; Brout, D. ^[7]; Davis, T. M.  ^[8]; Galbany, L. ^[9]; Hinton, S. R. ^[8]; Kelsey, L. ^[1]; Kessler, R. ^[10]; Lidman, C. ^[11]; Möller, A. ^[12]; Nichol, R. C. ^[4]; Rose, B. ^[5]; Scolnic, D.  ^[5]; Toy, M. ^[1] ; Zontou, Z. ^[1]; Asorey, J. ^[13]; Carollo, D. ^[14]; Glazebrook, K. ^[15]; Lewis, G. F. ^[16]; Tucker, B. E. ^[6]; Abbott, T. C. ^[17]; Aguena, M. ^[18]; Allam, S. ^[19]; Andrade-Oliveira, F. ^[20]; Annis, J. ^[19]; Bacon, D. ^[4]; Bertin, E. ^[21]; Brooks, D. ^[22]; Buckley-Geer, E. ^[23]; Burke, D. L. ^[24]; Rosell, A. Carnero ^[25]; Kind, M. Carrasco ^[26]; Carretero, J. ^[27]; Costanzi, M. ^[28]; da Costa, L. N. ^[29]; Pereira, M. S. ^[30]; Desai, S. ^[31]; Diehl, H. T. ^[19]; Doel, P. ^[22]; Everett, S. ^[32]; Ferrero, I. ^[33]; Flaugher, B. ^[19]; Fosalba, P. ^[34]; Frieman, J. ^[35]; García-Bellido, J. ^[36]; Gaztanaga, E. ^[34]; Giannantonio, T. ^[37]; Gruen, D. ^[38]; Gruendl, R. A. ^[26]; Gschwend, J. ^[29]; Gutierrez, G. ^[19]; Hollowood, D. L. ^[32]; Honscheid, K. ^[39]; Hoyle, B. ^[40]; James, D. J. ^[41]; Krause, E. ^[42]; Kuehn, K. ^[43]; Kuropatkin, N. ^[19]; Maia, M. G. ^[29]; Marshall, J. L. ^[44]; Martini, P. ^[45]; Menanteau, F. ^[26]; Miquel, R. ^[46]; Morgan, R. ^[47]; Ogando, R. C. ^[29]; Palmese, A. ^[35]; Paz-Chinchón, F. ^[48]; Petravick, D. ^[49]; Pieres, A. ^[29]; Malagón, A. Plazas ^[50]; Romer, A. K. ^[51]; Sanchez, E. ^[13]; Scarpine, V. ^[19]; Schubnell, M. ^[30]; Serrano, S. ^[34]; Sevilla-Noarbe, I. ^[13]; Soares-Santos, M. ^[30]; Suchyta, E. ^[52]; Swanson, M. C. ^[49]; Tarle, G. ^[30]; Thomas, D. ^[4]; To, C. ^[38]; Varga, T. N. ^[53]; Walker, A. R. ^[17]

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1. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
2. Univ Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IP2I Lyon / IN2P3, IMR 5822, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France;School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
3. Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, UK;School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
4. Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, UK
5. Department of Physics, Duke University Durham, NC 27708, USA
6. The Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, ACT 2601, Australia
7. NASA Einstein Fellow;Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
8. School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
9. Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain
10. Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
11. Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, College of Science, The Australian National University, ACT 2601, Australia;The Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University, ACT 2601, Australia
12. Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
13. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
14. INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, I-34143 Trieste, Italy
15. Centre for Astrophysics & Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, Victoria 3122, Australia
16. Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, A28, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
17. Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile
18. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, Brazil
19. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
20. Instituto de Física Teórica, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil;Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, Brazil
21. CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014, Paris, France;Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014, Paris, France
22. Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
23. Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
24. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
25. Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain;Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, Brazil;Universidad de La Laguna, Dpto. Astrofísica, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
26. Center for Astrophysical Surveys, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA;Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
27. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
28. Astronomy Unit, Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy;INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G. B. Tiepolo 11, I-34143 Trieste, Italy;Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Via Beirut 2, 34014 Trieste, Italy
29. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, Brazil;Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, Brazil
30. Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
31. Department of Physics, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India
32. Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
33. Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo. P.O. Box 1029 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway
34. Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain;Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
35. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA;Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
36. Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
37. Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK;Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK
38. Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
39. Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
40. Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstr. 1, 81679 Munich, Germany;Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrasse, 85748 Garching, Germany
41. Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
42. Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA
43. Australian Astronomical Optics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia;Lowell Observatory, 1400 Mars Hill Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
44. George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
45. Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138
46. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain;Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
47. Physics Department, 2320 Chamberlin Hall, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue Madison, WI 53706-1390
48. Center for Astrophysical Surveys, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA;Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK
49. Center for Astrophysical Surveys, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
50. Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
51. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pevensey Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QH, UK
52. Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
53. Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrasse, 85748 Garching, Germany;Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Scheinerstr. 1, 81679 München, Germany

We use a sample of 809 photometrically classified Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) discovered by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) along with 40 415 field galaxies to calculate the rate of SNe Ia per galaxy in the redshift range 0.2 < z < 0.6. We recover the known correlation between SN Ia rate and galaxy stellar mass across a broad range of scales 8.5 ≤ log (M*/M_⊙) ≤ 11.25. We find that the SN Ia rate increases with stellar mass as a power law with index 0.63 ± 0.02, which is consistent with the previous work. We use an empirical model of stellar mass assembly to estimate the average star formation histories (SFHs) of galaxies across the stellar mass range of our measurement. Combining the modelled SFHs with the SN Ia rates to estimate constraints on the SN Ia delay time distribution (DTD), we find that the data are fit well by a power-law DTD with slope index β = –1.13 ± 0.05 and normalization A = 2.11 ± 0.05 × 10^–13 SNe M_⊙^–1 yr^–1, which corresponds to an overall SN Ia production efficiency N_Ia/M_* = 0.9 $$^{+4.0}_{–0.7}$$ × 10^–3 SNe M$$^{–1}_{⊙}$$. Upon splitting the SN sample by properties of the light curves, we find a strong dependence on DTD slope with the SN decline rate, with slower-declining SNe exhibiting a steeper DTD slope. We interpret this as a result of a relationship between intrinsic luminosity and progenitor age, and explore the implications of the result in the context of SN Ia progenitors.

• Research Organization: Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR); USDOE Office of Science (SC), High Energy Physics (HEP)
• Contributing Organization: DES Collaboration
• Grant/Contract Number: SC0019193; AC05-00OR22725; AC02-07CH11359
• OSTI ID: 1872963
• Alternate ID(s): OSTI ID: 1824972; OSTI ID: 1825300
• Report Number(s): FERMILAB-PUB-21-245-AE; DES-2021-0642; arXiv:2105.11954; TRN: US2306958
• Journal Information: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 506, Issue 3; ISSN 0035-8711
• Publisher: Royal Astronomical SocietyCopyright Statement
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English