Suspension electrolyte with modified Li+ solvation environment for lithium metal batteries

Kim, Mun Sek; Zhang, Zewen; Rudnicki, Paul E.; Yu, Zhiao; Wang, Jingyang; Wang, Hansen; Oyakhire, Solomon T.; Chen, Yuelang; Kim, Sang Cheol; Zhang, Wenbo; Boyle, David T.; Kong, Xian; Xu, Rong; Huang, Zhuojun; Huang, William; Bent, Stacey F.; Wang, Lin-Wang; Qin, Jian; Bao, Zhenan; Cui, Yi

doi:10.1038/s41563-021-01172-3

Title: Suspension electrolyte with modified Li⁺ solvation environment for lithium metal batteries

Journal Article · 16 January 2022 · Nature Materials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-021-01172-3 · OSTI ID:1872421

^[1];

^[1]; Rudnicki, Paul E. ^[1];

^[1]; Wang, Jingyang ^[2]; Wang, Hansen ^[1];

^[1];

^[1]; Kim, Sang Cheol ^[1]; Zhang, Wenbo ^[1];

^[1];

^[1]; Xu, Rong ^[1]; Huang, Zhuojun ^[1];

^[1]; Bent, Stacey F. ^[1];

^[3];

^[1];

^[4]

Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
Stanford Univ., CA (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Stanford Univ., CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Designing a stable solid–electrolyte interphase on a Li anode is imperative to developing reliable Li metal batteries. In this work, we report a suspension electrolyte design that modifies the Li⁺ solvation environment in liquid electrolytes and creates inorganic-rich solid–electrolyte interphases on Li. Li₂O nanoparticles suspended in liquid electrolytes were investigated as a proof of concept. Through theoretical and empirical analyses of Li₂O suspension electrolytes, the roles played by Li₂O in the liquid electrolyte and solid–electrolyte interphases of the Li anode are elucidated. Also, the suspension electrolyte design is applied in conventional and state-of-the-art high-performance electrolytes to demonstrate its applicability. Based on electrochemical analyses, improved Coulombic efficiency (up to ~99.7%), reduced Li nucleation overpotential, stabilized Li interphases and prolonged cycle life of anode-free cells (~70 cycles at 80% of initial capacity) were achieved with the suspension electrolytes. We expect this design principle and our findings to be expanded into developing electrolytes and solid–electrolyte interphases for Li metal batteries.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1872421

Journal Information:: Nature Materials, Journal Name: Nature Materials Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 21; ISSN 1476-1122

Publisher:: Springer Nature - Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Suspension electrolyte with modified Li⁺ solvation environment for lithium metal batteries