Disentangling Coexisting Structural Order Through Phase Lock-In Analysis of Atomic-Resolution STEM Data

Goodge, Berit H.; El Baggari, Ismail; Hong, Seung Sae; Wang, Zhe; Schlom, Darrell G.; Hwang, Harold Y.; Kourkoutis, Lena F.

doi:10.1017/s1431927622000125

Title: Disentangling Coexisting Structural Order Through Phase Lock-In Analysis of Atomic-Resolution STEM Data

Journal Article · 21 February 2022 · Microscopy and Microanalysis

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/s1431927622000125 · OSTI ID:1869443

^[1]; El Baggari, Ismail ^[1]; Hong, Seung Sae ^[2]; Wang, Zhe ^[1]; Schlom, Darrell G. ^[1]; Hwang, Harold Y. ^[2];

^[1]

Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States)
Stanford Univ., CA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Lab., Menlo Park, CA (United States)

As a real-space technique, atomic-resolution STEM imaging contains both amplitude and geometric phase information about structural order in materials, with the latter encoding important information about local variations and heterogeneities present in crystalline lattices. Such phase information can be extracted using geometric phase analysis (GPA), a method which has generally focused on spatially mapping elastic strain. Here we demonstrate an alternative phase demodulation technique and its application to reveal complex structural phenomena in correlated quantum materials. As with other methods of image phase analysis, the phase lock-in approach can be implemented to extract detailed information about structural order and disorder, including dislocations and compound defects in crystals. Extending the application of this phase analysis to Fourier components that encode periodic modulations of the crystalline lattice, such as superlattice or secondary frequency peaks, we extract the behavior of multiple distinct order parameters within the same image, yielding insights into not only the crystalline heterogeneity but also subtle emergent order parameters such as antipolar displacements. When applied to atomic-resolution images spanning large (~0.5 × 0.5 μm²) fields of view, this approach enables vivid visualizations of the spatial interplay between various structural orders in novel materials.

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Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; National Science Foundation (NSF); Packard Foundation; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 1869443

Journal Information:: Microscopy and Microanalysis, Journal Name: Microscopy and Microanalysis Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 28; ISSN 1431-9276

Publisher:: Microscopy Society of America (MSA)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS
atomic resolution STEM
geometric phase analysis
heterogeneity
quantum materials
superlattice

Title: Disentangling Coexisting Structural Order Through Phase Lock-In Analysis of Atomic-Resolution STEM Data

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