Electrodialysis through nafion membranes coated with polyelectrolyte multilayers yields >99% pure monovalent ions at high recoveries

Ding, Dong; Yaroshchuk, Andriy; Bruening, Merlin L.

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120294

Title: Electrodialysis through nafion membranes coated with polyelectrolyte multilayers yields >99% pure monovalent ions at high recoveries

Journal Article · 21 January 2022 · Journal of Membrane Science

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120294 · OSTI ID:1868535

Ding, Dong ^[1];

^[2];

^[3]

Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States); University of Notre Dame
ICREA, Barcelona (Spain); Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Barcelona (Spain)
Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States)

Separation of monovalent and multivalent ions is important in processes ranging from water softening to recycling of Li. Previous studies show that cation-exchange membranes coated with multilayer polyelectrolyte films exhibit monovalent/divalent ion selectivities as high as 1000 in electrodialysis (ED) under ideal conditions with low ion recoveries. This work shows that even at 60-80% monovalent-ion recoveries, ED through Nafion membranes coated with protonated poly(allylamine)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) multilayers can separate equimolar K⁺ and Mg²⁺ or Li⁺ and Mg²⁺ to give 99.5% pure monovalent ion. Moreover, the use of a low-volume receiving phase allows ED to concentrate the monovalent ion. Typical current efficiencies are around 70% for these separations. Selectivities appear to increase when the membrane-coating procedure uses a higher polyelectrolyte concentration in the deposition solution. Because the limiting current declines with ED time due to depletion of the monovalent ion in the source phase, use of a gradually decreasing applied current enhances current efficiency compared to ED at a constant high current. Further, the membranes also show Li⁺/Mg²⁺ selectivities around 100 when Mg²⁺ is in a 20-fold excess in the source phase at an ionic strength of 0.6 M, but selectivity decreases at even higher ionic strengths.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of Notre Dame, IN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0017618

OSTI ID:: 1868535

Journal Information:: Journal of Membrane Science, Journal Name: Journal of Membrane Science Vol. 647; ISSN 0376-7388

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
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layer-by-layer films
monovalent/multivalent selectivity

Title: Electrodialysis through nafion membranes coated with polyelectrolyte multilayers yields >99% pure monovalent ions at high recoveries

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