Room-temperature large magnetoelectricity in a transition metal doped ferroelectric perovskite

Kumari, Shalini; Pradhan, Dhiren K.; Liu, Shi; Rahaman, M. M.; Zhou, Peng; Roccapriore, Kevin M.; Pradhan, Dillip K.; Srinivasan, Gopalan; Li, Qi; Katiyar, Ram S.; Rack, Philip D.; Scott, J. F.; Kumar, Ashok

doi:10.1103/physrevb.104.174415

Title: Room-temperature large magnetoelectricity in a transition metal doped ferroelectric perovskite

Abstract

There is increasing interest in novel magnetoelectric (ME) materials that exhibit robust ME coupling at room-temperature (RT) for advanced memory, energy, spintronics, and other multifunctional device applications, by making use of the ability to control polarization with a magnetic field and/or magnetization via an electric field. Obtaining ME materials with strong ME coupling, understanding the origin, and manipulating its processing along with composition to realize large ME coefficients at RT constitute an important step in multiferroic research. To address this, we have investigated the multiferroic and ME properties of Ni-doped Pb(Zr_0.20Ti_0.80)O₃ (PZT). We find that the ferroelectric (T_C ~ 700 K) and weak ferromagnetic (~ 602 K) phase transitions of Ni-doped PZT are well above RT, leading to a strong ME coupling coefficient (α_E,31) of 11.7 mVcm^-1Oe^-1 (H_ac = 1 Oe and f = 1 kHz). While X-ray diffraction suggests a single-phase material, high resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals regions with and without Ni present; thus magnetoelectric coupling between two phases is possible. First-principle calculations suggest the (Ni_Pb)^× defect is likely to be responsible for the experimental observed magnetism and ME coupling in Ni-doped PZT. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Ni-doped PZT exhibits low loss tangent, low leakage current, large saturationmore »« less

Authors:

^[1];

^[2]; Liu, Shi ^[3]; Rahaman, M. M. ^[4]; Zhou, Peng ^[5]; Roccapriore, Kevin M. ^[6];

^[7]; Srinivasan, Gopalan ^[5];

^[1];

^[8];

^[2]; Scott, J. F. ^[9]; Kumar, Ashok ^[10]

Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS)
Westlake Univ., Hangzhou (China)
Carnegie Inst. of Science, Washington, DC (United States); Univ. of Rajshahi (Bangladesh)
Oakland Univ., Rochester, MI (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS)
National Institute of Technology, Rourkela (India)
Univ. of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR (United States)
Univ. of St. Andrews, Scotland (United Kingdom)
CSIR- National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi (India)

Publication Date:: Mon Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2021

Research Org.:: Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division; National Science Foundation (NSF); US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

OSTI Identifier:: 1867222

Alternate Identifier(s):: OSTI ID: 1890278

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0002136; FG02-08ER46531; AC05-00OR22725

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review. B

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 104; Journal Issue: 17; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9950

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY; dielectric properties; ferroelectricity; magnetic coupling; magnetic order; magnetoelectric effect; ferroelectrics; multiferroics; perovskites; density functional calculations; magnetization measurements; Raman spectroscopy

Citation Formats


                    Kumari, Shalini, Pradhan, Dhiren K., Liu, Shi, Rahaman, M. M., Zhou, Peng, Roccapriore, Kevin M., Pradhan, Dillip K., Srinivasan, Gopalan, Li, Qi, Katiyar, Ram S., Rack, Philip D., Scott, J. F., and Kumar, Ashok. Room-temperature large magnetoelectricity in a transition metal doped ferroelectric perovskite.  United States: N. p., 2021. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/physrevb.104.174415.

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                    Kumari, Shalini, Pradhan, Dhiren K., Liu, Shi, Rahaman, M. M., Zhou, Peng, Roccapriore, Kevin M., Pradhan, Dillip K., Srinivasan, Gopalan, Li, Qi, Katiyar, Ram S., Rack, Philip D., Scott, J. F., & Kumar, Ashok. Room-temperature large magnetoelectricity in a transition metal doped ferroelectric perovskite.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.104.174415

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                    Kumari, Shalini, Pradhan, Dhiren K., Liu, Shi, Rahaman, M. M., Zhou, Peng, Roccapriore, Kevin M., Pradhan, Dillip K., Srinivasan, Gopalan, Li, Qi, Katiyar, Ram S., Rack, Philip D., Scott, J. F., and Kumar, Ashok. Mon .  
"Room-temperature large magnetoelectricity in a transition metal doped ferroelectric perovskite".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.104.174415.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1867222.

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@article{osti_1867222,

  title        = {Room-temperature large magnetoelectricity in a transition metal doped ferroelectric perovskite},

  author       = {Kumari, Shalini and Pradhan, Dhiren K. and Liu, Shi and Rahaman, M. M. and Zhou, Peng and Roccapriore, Kevin M. and Pradhan, Dillip K. and Srinivasan, Gopalan and Li, Qi and Katiyar, Ram S. and Rack, Philip D. and Scott, J. F. and Kumar, Ashok},

  abstractNote = {There is increasing interest in novel magnetoelectric (ME) materials that exhibit robust ME coupling at room-temperature (RT) for advanced memory, energy, spintronics, and other multifunctional device applications, by making use of the ability to control polarization with a magnetic field and/or magnetization via an electric field. Obtaining ME materials with strong ME coupling, understanding the origin, and manipulating its processing along with composition to realize large ME coefficients at RT constitute an important step in multiferroic research. To address this, we have investigated the multiferroic and ME properties of Ni-doped Pb(Zr0.20Ti0.80)O3 (PZT). We find that the ferroelectric (TC ~ 700 K) and weak ferromagnetic (~ 602 K) phase transitions of Ni-doped PZT are well above RT, leading to a strong ME coupling coefficient (αE,31) of 11.7 mVcm-1Oe-1 (Hac = 1 Oe and f = 1 kHz). While X-ray diffraction suggests a single-phase material, high resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals regions with and without Ni present; thus magnetoelectric coupling between two phases is possible. First-principle calculations suggest the (NiPb)× defect is likely to be responsible for the experimental observed magnetism and ME coupling in Ni-doped PZT. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Ni-doped PZT exhibits low loss tangent, low leakage current, large saturation polarization and weak ferromagnetism. Ultimately, our work demonstrates that Ni-doped PZT is a cost-effective RT multiferroic with strong ME coupling.},

  doi          = {10.1103/physrevb.104.174415},

  journal      = {Physical Review. B},

  number       = 17,

  volume       = 104,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Mon Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2021},

  month        = {Mon Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2021}

}

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Title: Room-temperature large magnetoelectricity in a transition metal doped ferroelectric perovskite

Abstract

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Effect of dopants on the microstructure and lattice parameters of lead zirconate-titanate ceramics journal, June 1987

Magnetoelectric Effect in Ceramics Based on Bismuth Ferrite journal, April 2016

Multiferroic magnetoelectric composites: Historical perspective, status, and future directions journal, February 2008

Revival of the magnetoelectric effect journal, April 2005

Studies of Phase Transitions and Magnetoelectric Coupling in PFN-CZFO Multiferroic Composites journal, January 2016

Octahedral tilting, monoclinic phase and the phase diagram of PZT journal, September 2011

Ferroelectric phase transition of Li-doped KTa1-Nb O3 single crystals with weak random fields: Inelastic light scattering study journal, February 2018

Pseudopotentials for high-throughput DFT calculations journal, January 2014

Linear response approach to the calculation of the effective interaction parameters in the LDA + U method journal, January 2005

Interband electronic transitions and phase diagram of PbZr 1− x Ti x O 3 (0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.70) ceramics: ellipsometric experiment and first-principles theory journal, June 2016

Exploring phase transitions and magnetoelectric coupling of epitaxial asymmetric multilayer heterostructures journal, January 2020

Towards a magnetoelectric memory journal, June 2008

Synthesis and characterisation of doped 6H-BaTiO3 ceramics journal, January 2004

A novel perovskite oxide chemically designed to show multiferroic phase boundary with room-temperature magnetoelectricity journal, September 2016

Ferroelectric and photovoltaic properties of transition metal doped Pb(Zr 0.14 Ti 0.56 Ni 0.30 )O 3-δ thin films journal, March 2014

Studies on magnetoelectric coupling in PFN-NZFO composite at room temperature journal, May 2014

Room-Temperature Nonvolatile Memory Based on a Single-Phase Multiferroic Hexaferrite journal, December 2017

Band theory and Mott insulators: Hubbard U instead of Stoner I journal, July 1991

Raman scattering study of the PbZr 1 − x Ti x O 3 system: Rhombohedral-monoclinic-tetragonal phase transitions journal, October 2002

Recent Progress in Multiferroic Magnetoelectric Composites: from Bulk to Thin Films journal, February 2011

The chips are down for Moore’s law journal, February 2016

The equation of state of PbTiO 3 up to 37 GPa: a synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction study journal, October 2002

A statistical model approximation for perovskite solid-solutions: A Raman study of lead-zirconate-titanate single crystal journal, May 2013

Leakage Current Properties of Cation-Substituted BiFeO 3 Ceramics journal, September 2010

Multiferroics: Past, present, and future journal, October 2010

Palladium-based ferroelectrics and multiferroics: Theory and experiment journal, June 2017

Multiferroic and magnetoelectric materials journal, August 2006

Magnetoelectric quasi-(0-3) nanocomposite heterostructures
journal, March 2015

Donor impurity band exchange in dilute ferromagnetic oxides
journal, January 2005

Fano resonance of Li-doped KTa1−xNbxO3 single crystals studied by Raman scattering
journal, April 2016

Scalable energy-efficient magnetoelectric spin–orbit logic
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Effect of thickness on dielectric, ferroelectric, and optical properties of Ni substituted Pb(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 thin films
journal, November 2015

Dielectric anomalies due to grain boundary conduction in chemically substituted BiFeO ₃
journal, March 2015

Multiferroic magnetoelectric composite nanostructures
journal, April 2010

QUANTUM ESPRESSO: a modular and open-source software project for quantum simulations of materials
journal, September 2009

Advances in the growth and characterization of magnetic, ferroelectric, and multiferroic oxide thin films
journal, May 2010

Recent advances in magnetic structure determination by neutron powder diffraction
journal, October 1993

Why Are There so Few Magnetic Ferroelectrics?
journal, July 2000

Curie temperature of nickel
journal, March 2011

Magnetoelectric Composites: Applications, Coupling Mechanisms, and Future Directions
journal, October 2020

Magnetoelectric Devices for Spintronics
journal, July 2014

Theoretical Prediction of Magnetic Properties of Ba(Ti1-xMx)O3 (M=Sc,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu)
journal, December 2001

$β$ phase and $γ − β$ metal-insulator transition in multiferroic $Bi Fe O_{3}$
journal, January 2008

Physics and Applications of Bismuth Ferrite
journal, June 2009

Temperature evolution of the relaxor dynamics in $Pb ({Zn}_{1 ∕ 3} {Nb}_{2 ∕ 3}) O_{3}$ : A critical Raman analysis
journal, November 2005

Studies on structural, dielectric, and transport properties of Ni _0.65 Zn _0.35 Fe ₂ O ₄
journal, June 2014

The intrinsic central peak at the structural phase transitions in KNbO ₃
journal, December 1988

Magnetic and magnetoelectric studies in pure and cation doped
journal, May 2009

Magnetoelectric bilayer and multilayer structures of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric oxides
journal, November 2001

Multiferroic memories
journal, March 2007

The Nature of Magnetoelectric Coupling in Pb(Zr,Ti)O ₃ -Pb(Fe,Ta)O ₃
journal, September 2015

Effect of dopants on the microstructure and lattice parameters of lead zirconate-titanate ceramics
journal, June 1987

Magnetoelectric Effect in Ceramics Based on Bismuth Ferrite
journal, April 2016

Multiferroic magnetoelectric composites: Historical perspective, status, and future directions
journal, February 2008

Revival of the magnetoelectric effect
journal, April 2005

Studies of Phase Transitions and Magnetoelectric Coupling in PFN-CZFO Multiferroic Composites
journal, January 2016

Octahedral tilting, monoclinic phase and the phase diagram of PZT
journal, September 2011

Ferroelectric phase transition of Li-doped KTa1-Nb O3 single crystals with weak random fields: Inelastic light scattering study
journal, February 2018

Pseudopotentials for high-throughput DFT calculations
journal, January 2014

Linear response approach to the calculation of the effective interaction parameters in the $LDA + U$ method
journal, January 2005

Interband electronic transitions and phase diagram of PbZr _{1− x} Ti _x O ₃ (0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.70) ceramics: ellipsometric experiment and first-principles theory
journal, June 2016

Exploring phase transitions and magnetoelectric coupling of epitaxial asymmetric multilayer heterostructures
journal, January 2020

Towards a magnetoelectric memory
journal, June 2008

Synthesis and characterisation of doped 6H-BaTiO3 ceramics
journal, January 2004

A novel perovskite oxide chemically designed to show multiferroic phase boundary with room-temperature magnetoelectricity
journal, September 2016

Ferroelectric and photovoltaic properties of transition metal doped Pb(Zr _0.14 Ti _0.56 Ni _0.30 )O _3-δ thin films
journal, March 2014

Studies on magnetoelectric coupling in PFN-NZFO composite at room temperature
journal, May 2014

Room-Temperature Nonvolatile Memory Based on a Single-Phase Multiferroic Hexaferrite
journal, December 2017

Band theory and Mott insulators: Hubbard U instead of Stoner I
journal, July 1991

Raman scattering study of the ${PbZr}_{1 - x} {Ti}_{x} O_{3}$ system: Rhombohedral-monoclinic-tetragonal phase transitions
journal, October 2002

Recent Progress in Multiferroic Magnetoelectric Composites: from Bulk to Thin Films
journal, February 2011

The chips are down for Moore’s law
journal, February 2016

The equation of state of PbTiO ₃ up to 37 GPa: a synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction study
journal, October 2002

A statistical model approximation for perovskite solid-solutions: A Raman study of lead-zirconate-titanate single crystal
journal, May 2013

Leakage Current Properties of Cation-Substituted BiFeO ₃ Ceramics
journal, September 2010

Multiferroics: Past, present, and future
journal, October 2010

Palladium-based ferroelectrics and multiferroics: Theory and experiment
journal, June 2017

Multiferroic and magnetoelectric materials
journal, August 2006