Protonated phosphonic acid electrodes for high power heavy-duty vehicle fuel cells

Lim, Katie H.; Lee, Albert S.; Atanasov, Vladimir; Kerres, Jochen; Park, Eun Joo; Adhikari, Santosh; Maurya, Sandip; Manriquez, Luis Delfin; Jung, Jiyoon; Fujimoto, Cy; Matanovic, Ivana; Jankovic, Jasna; Hu, Zhendong; Jia, Hongfei; Kim, Yu Seung

doi:10.1038/s41560-021-00971-x

Title: Protonated phosphonic acid electrodes for high power heavy-duty vehicle fuel cells

Journal Article · 31 January 2022 · Nature Energy

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-021-00971-x · OSTI ID:1866944

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Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Korean Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul (Korea, Republic of)
Univ. of Stuttgart (Germany)
Univ. of Stuttgart (Germany); North-West Univ., Potchefstroom (South Africa); Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Erlangen (Germany)
Korean Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul (Korea, Republic of)
Sandia National Lab. (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States); Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT (United States)
Toyota Research Institute of North America, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)

We report that state-of-the-art automotive fuel cells that operate at about 80 °C require large radiators and air intakes to avoid overheating. High-temperature fuel cells that operate above 100 °C under anhydrous conditions provide an ideal solution for heat rejection in heavy-duty vehicle applications. Here we report protonated phosphonic acid electrodes that remarkably improve the performance of high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. The protonated phosphonic acids comprise tetrafluorostyrene-phosphonic acid and perfluorosulfonic acid polymers, where a perfluorosulfonic acid proton is transferred to the phosphonic acid to enhance the anhydrous proton conduction of fuel cell electrodes. By using this material in fuel cell electrodes, we obtained a fuel cell exhibiting a rated power density of 780 mW cm^-2 at 160 °C, with minimal degradation during 2,500 h of operation and 700 thermal cycles from 40 to 160 °C under load.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Research Foundation of Korea; UNM Center for Advanced Research Computing; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Fuel Cell Technologies Office

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001; AC02-05CH11231; AR0001003; NA0003523

OSTI ID:: 1866944

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-19-29832

Journal Information:: Nature Energy, Journal Name: Nature Energy Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 7; ISSN 2058-7546

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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