Contrary effects of phytoplankton Chlorella vulgaris and its exudates on mercury methylation by iron- and sulfate-reducing bacteria

Yin, Xixiang; Wang, Lihong; Liang, Xujun; Zhang, Lijie; Zhao, Jiating; Gu, Baohua

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128835

Title: Contrary effects of phytoplankton Chlorella vulgaris and its exudates on mercury methylation by iron- and sulfate-reducing bacteria

Journal Article · 31 March 2022 · Journal of Hazardous Materials

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128835 · OSTI ID:1866695

Yin, Xixiang ^[1]; Wang, Lihong ^[2]; Liang, Xujun ^[3];

^[3]; Zhao, Jiating ^[3];

^[4]

Shandong Jinan Eco-environmental Monitoring Center, Jinan (China); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Qilu University of Technology, (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan (China)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)

Mercury (Hg) is a pervasive environmental pollutant and poses serious health concerns as inorganic Hg(II) can be converted to the neurotoxin methylmercury (MeHg), which bioaccumulates and biomagnifies in food webs. Phytoplankton, representing the base of aquatic food webs, can take up Hg(II) and influence MeHg production, but currently little is known about how and to what extent phytoplankton may impact Hg(II) methylation by itself or by methylating bacteria it harbors. This study investigated whether some species of phytoplankton could produce MeHg and how the live or dead phytoplankton cells and excreted algal organic matter (AOM) impact Hg(II) methylation by several known methylators, including iron-reducing bacteria (FeRB), Geobacter anodireducens SD-1 and Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA, and the sulfate-reducing bacterium (SRB) Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ND132 (or Pseudodesulfovibrio mercurii). Here our results indicate that, among the 4 phytoplankton species studied, none were capable of methylating Hg(II). However, the presence of phytoplankton cells (either live or dead) from Chlorella vulgaris (CV) generally inhibited Hg(II) methylation by FeRB but substantially enhanced methylation by SRB D. desulfuricans ND132. Enhanced methylation was attributed in part to CV-excreted AOM, which increased Hg(II) complexation and methylation by ND132 cells. In contrast, inhibition of methylation by FeRB was attributed to these bacteria incapable of competing with phytoplankton for Hg(II) binding and uptake. These observations suggest that phytoplankton could play different roles in affecting Hg(II) methylation by the two groups of anaerobic bacteria, FeRB and SRB, and thus shed additional light on how phytoplankton blooms may modulate MeHg production and bioaccumulation in the aquatic environment.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER); Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1866695

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1861908

Journal Information:: Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Name: Journal of Hazardous Materials Vol. 433; ISSN 0304-3894

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Contrary effects of phytoplankton Chlorella vulgaris and its exudates on mercury methylation by iron- and sulfate-reducing bacteria

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