Optimization of 3D controlled ELM-free state with recovered global confinement for KSTAR with n = 1 resonant magnetic field perturbation

Kim, S. K.; Shousha, R.; Hahn, S. H.; Nelson, A. O.; Wai, J.; Yang, S. M.; Park, J. -K.; Nazikian, R.; Logan, N. C.; Jeon, Y. M.; In, Y.; Lee, J. H.; Kim, J.; Lee, C. Y.; Na, Y. -S.; Kolemen, E.

doi:10.1088/1741-4326/ac4369

Title: Optimization of 3D controlled ELM-free state with recovered global confinement for KSTAR with n = 1 resonant magnetic field perturbation

Journal Article · 20 January 2022 · Nuclear Fusion

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac4369 · OSTI ID:1866183

;

; Wai, J.;

;

; Nazikian, R.;

; Jeon, Y. M.;

; Lee, J. H.; Kim, J.;

; Na, Y. -S.;

Mitigation of deleterious heat flux from edge-localized modes (ELMs) on fusion reactors is often attempted with 3D perturbations of the confining magnetic fields. However, the established technique of resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) also degrades plasma performance, complicating implementation on future fusion reactors. Here, we introduce an adaptive real-time control scheme on the KSTAR tokamak as a viable approach to achieve an ELM-free state and simultaneously recover high-confinement (βN ~ 1.91, β_p ~ 1.53, and H₉₈ ~ 0.9), demonstrating successful handling of a volatile complex system through adaptive measures. We show that, by exploiting a salient hysteresis process to adaptively minimize the RMP strength, stable ELM suppression can be achieved while actively encouraging confinement recovery. This is made possible by a self-organized transport response in the plasma edge which reinforces the confinement improvement through a widening of the ion temperature pedestal and promotes control stability, in contrast to the deteriorating effect on performance observed in standard RMP experiments. These results establish the real-time approach as an up-and-coming solution toward an optimized ELM-free state, which is an important step for the operation of ITER and reactor-grade tokamak plasmas.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Korea Institute of Fusion Energy (KFE); Ministry of Science and ICT of the Republic of Korea; Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIP) of Korea; USDOE; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC52-07NA27344; SC0020372

OSTI ID:: 1866183

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-834540; 1053007

Journal Information:: Nuclear Fusion, Journal Name: Nuclear Fusion Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 62; ISSN 0029-5515

Publisher:: IOP ScienceCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Optimization of 3D controlled ELM-free state with recovered global confinement for KSTAR with n = 1 resonant magnetic field perturbation

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