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Title: Gram-scale synthesis of a covalent nanocage that preserves the redox properties of encapsulated fullerenes

Abstract

Discrete nanocages provide a way to solubilize, separate, and tune the properties of fullerenes, but these 3D receptors cannot usually be synthesized easily from inexpensive starting materials, limiting their utility. Herein, we describe the first fullerene-binding nanocage (Cage4+) that can be made efficiently on a gram scale. Cage4+ was prepared in up to 57% yield by the formation of pyridinium linkages between complemantary porphyrin components that are themselves readily accessible. Cage4+ binds C60 and C70 with large association constants (>108 M–1), thereby solubilizing these fullerenes in polar solvents. Fullerene association and redox-properties were subsequently investigated across multiple charge states of the host-guest complexes. Remarkably, neutral and singly reduced fullerenes bind with similar strengths, leaving their 0/1 redox couples minimally perturbed and fully reversible, whereas other hosts substantially alter the redox properties of fullerenes. Thus, C60@Cage4+ and C70@Cage4+ may be useful as solubilized fullerene derivatives that preserve the inherent electron-accepting and electron-transfer capabilities of the fullerenes. Fulleride dianions were also found to bind strongly in Cage4+, while further reduction is centered on the host, leading to lowered association of the fulleride guest in the case of C602–.

Authors:
ORCiD logo [1];  [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [1]; ORCiD logo [1]
  1. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
Publication Date:
Research Org.:
Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL (United States)
Sponsoring Org.:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
OSTI Identifier:
1864098
Alternate Identifier(s):
OSTI ID: 1904300
Grant/Contract Number:  
SC0020260
Resource Type:
Published Article
Journal Name:
Chemical Science
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Name: Chemical Science Journal Volume: 13 Journal Issue: 18; Journal ID: ISSN 2041-6520
Publisher:
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Country of Publication:
United Kingdom
Language:
English
Subject:
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY; chemistry

Citation Formats

Rothschild, Daniel A., Kopcha, William P., Tran, Aaron, Zhang, Jianyuan, and Lipke, Mark C.. Gram-scale synthesis of a covalent nanocage that preserves the redox properties of encapsulated fullerenes. United Kingdom: N. p., 2022. Web. doi:10.1039/D2SC00445C.
Rothschild, Daniel A., Kopcha, William P., Tran, Aaron, Zhang, Jianyuan, & Lipke, Mark C.. Gram-scale synthesis of a covalent nanocage that preserves the redox properties of encapsulated fullerenes. United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SC00445C
Rothschild, Daniel A., Kopcha, William P., Tran, Aaron, Zhang, Jianyuan, and Lipke, Mark C.. Wed . "Gram-scale synthesis of a covalent nanocage that preserves the redox properties of encapsulated fullerenes". United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SC00445C.
@article{osti_1864098,
title = {Gram-scale synthesis of a covalent nanocage that preserves the redox properties of encapsulated fullerenes},
author = {Rothschild, Daniel A. and Kopcha, William P. and Tran, Aaron and Zhang, Jianyuan and Lipke, Mark C.},
abstractNote = {Discrete nanocages provide a way to solubilize, separate, and tune the properties of fullerenes, but these 3D receptors cannot usually be synthesized easily from inexpensive starting materials, limiting their utility. Herein, we describe the first fullerene-binding nanocage (Cage4+) that can be made efficiently on a gram scale. Cage4+ was prepared in up to 57% yield by the formation of pyridinium linkages between complemantary porphyrin components that are themselves readily accessible. Cage4+ binds C60 and C70 with large association constants (>108 M–1), thereby solubilizing these fullerenes in polar solvents. Fullerene association and redox-properties were subsequently investigated across multiple charge states of the host-guest complexes. Remarkably, neutral and singly reduced fullerenes bind with similar strengths, leaving their 0/1– redox couples minimally perturbed and fully reversible, whereas other hosts substantially alter the redox properties of fullerenes. Thus, C60@Cage4+ and C70@Cage4+ may be useful as solubilized fullerene derivatives that preserve the inherent electron-accepting and electron-transfer capabilities of the fullerenes. Fulleride dianions were also found to bind strongly in Cage4+, while further reduction is centered on the host, leading to lowered association of the fulleride guest in the case of C602–.},
doi = {10.1039/D2SC00445C},
journal = {Chemical Science},
number = 18,
volume = 13,
place = {United Kingdom},
year = {2022},
month = {5}
}

Journal Article:
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https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SC00445C

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