Few-femtosecond resolved imaging of laser-driven nanoplasma expansion

Peltz, C.; Powell, J. A.; Rupp, P.; Summers, A.; Gorkhover, T.; Gallei, M.; Halfpap, I.; Antonsson, E.; Langer, B.; Trallero-Herrero, C.; Graf, C.; Ray, D.; Liu, Q.; Osipov, T.; Bucher, M.; Ferguson, K.; Möller, S.; Zherebtsov, S.; Rolles, D.; Rühl, E.; Coslovich, G.; Coffee, R. N.; Bostedt, C.; Rudenko, A.; Kling, M. F.; Fennel, T.

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/ac5e86

Title: Few-femtosecond resolved imaging of laser-driven nanoplasma expansion

Journal Article · 19 April 2022 · New Journal of Physics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac5e86 · OSTI ID:1863643

;

; Rupp, P.; Summers, A.; Gorkhover, T.; Gallei, M.; Halfpap, I.; Antonsson, E.; Langer, B.;

; Graf, C.; Ray, D.; Liu, Q.; Osipov, T.; Bucher, M.; Ferguson, K.; Möller, S.; Zherebtsov, S.;

;

Abstract The free expansion of a planar plasma surface is a fundamental non-equilibrium process relevant for various fields but as-yet experimentally still difficult to capture. The significance of the associated spatiotemporal plasma motion ranges from astrophysics and controlled fusion to laser machining, surface high-harmonic generation, plasma mirrors, and laser-driven particle acceleration. Here, we show that x-ray coherent diffractive imaging can surpass existing approaches and enables the quantitative real-time analysis of the sudden free expansion of laser-heated nanoplasmas. For laser-ionized SiO ₂ nanospheres, we resolve the formation of the emerging nearly self-similar plasma profile evolution and expose the so far inaccessible shell-wise expansion dynamics including the associated startup delay and rarefaction front velocity. Our results establish time-resolved diffractive imaging as an accurate quantitative diagnostic platform for tracing and characterizing plasma expansion and indicate the possibility to resolve various laser-driven processes including shock formation and wave-breaking phenomena with unprecedented resolution.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG); Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF); German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF); German Research Foundation (DFG); Max Planck Society; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC); Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; AC02-76SF00515; FG02-86ER13491

OSTI ID:: 1863643

Journal Information:: New Journal of Physics, Journal Name: New Journal of Physics Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 24; ISSN 1367-2630

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY
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Title: Few-femtosecond resolved imaging of laser-driven nanoplasma expansion

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