Observations on the deformation of metal microspheres in shock-driven polymer flows

Bober, David B.; Najjar, Fady M.; Kumar, Mukul

doi:10.1063/5.0078162

Title: Observations on the deformation of metal microspheres in shock-driven polymer flows

Journal Article · 31 January 2022 · Journal of Applied Physics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0078162 · OSTI ID:1860908

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Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

We report that solid particles can be fragmented by a fast-moving fluid if their velocity difference is great enough, such as during the atmospheric entry of meteoroids or the shock compression of engineered particulate composites. The extent of particle deformation and breakup in such systems is poorly understood because the necessary extreme conditions make observation difficult and data scarce. To meet this need, experiments combining ultrafast synchrotron-based radiography with plate impact loading were performed at the dynamic compression sector at the advanced photon source. Metal microspheres of several densities and strengths (Au, Ta, and W) were placed inside a polymer matrix. A planar shock wave was then produced in the polymer by the impact of a gun-launched flyer plate. X-ray images of the resulting flow were collected at ~150ns intervals. These images document the progression of particle deformation across a range of flow conditions and particle materials. They show that the extent of deformation is sensitive to the ratio of drag stress to particle strength. The deforming particle's shape is determined by the initial shock–particle interaction, fluid stagnation pressure, and vorticity, each acting on its own timescale. A set of scaling relationships is presented to capture these observations and enable comparison with prior hydrodynamic data. The result is a framework for predicting the conditions under which strong particles are severely deformed by a shock-driven flow.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Advanced Photon Source (APS); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; AC52-07NA27344; NA0002442; NA0003957

OSTI ID:: 1860908

Report Number(s):: LLNL-JRNL-823265; 1035153

Journal Information:: Journal of Applied Physics, Journal Name: Journal of Applied Physics Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 131; ISSN 0021-8979

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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