Magnetic reconnection in the era of exascale computing and multiscale experiments

Ji, Hantao; Daughton, William Scott; Jara-Almonte, Jonathan; Le, Ari Yitzchak; Stanier, Adam John; Yoo, Jongsoo

doi:10.1038/s42254-021-00419-x

Title: Magnetic reconnection in the era of exascale computing and multiscale experiments

Journal Article · 06 February 2022 · Nature Reviews Physics

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-021-00419-x · OSTI ID:1856199

^[1];

^[2]; Jara-Almonte, Jonathan ^[3];

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Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)
Los Alamos National Lab. (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)
Princeton Plasma Physics Lab. (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Astrophysical plasmas have the remarkable ability to preserve magnetic topology, which inevitably gives rise to the accumulation of magnetic energy within stressed regions including current sheets. This stored energy is often released explosively through the process of magnetic reconnection, which produces a reconfiguration of the magnetic field, along with high-speed flows, thermal heating and nonthermal particle acceleration. Either collisional or kinetic dissipation mechanisms are required to overcome the topological constraints, both of which have been predicted by theory and validated with in situ spacecraft observations or laboratory experiments. However, major challenges remain in understanding magnetic reconnection in large systems, such as the solar corona, where the collisionality is weak and the kinetic scales are vanishingly small in comparison with macroscopic scales. The plasmoid instability or formation of multiple plasmoids in long, reconnecting current sheets is one possible multiscale solution for bridging this vast range of scales, and new laboratory experiments are poised to study these regimes. In conjunction with these efforts, we anticipate that the coming era of exascale computing, together with the next generation of observational capabilities, will enable new progress on a range of challenging problems, including the energy build-up and onset of reconnection, partially ionized regimes, the influence of magnetic turbulence and particle acceleration.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL), Princeton, NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001; AC02-09CH11466

OSTI ID:: 1856199

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-21-27334

Journal Information:: Nature Reviews Physics, Journal Name: Nature Reviews Physics Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 4; ISSN 2522-5820

Publisher:: Springer NatureCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Three-Dimensional Spontaneous Magnetic Reconnection Beresnyak, Andrey The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 834, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/834/1/47	journal	December 2016
Electron Acceleration in Contracting Magnetic Islands During Solar Flares Borovikov, D.; Tenishev, V.; Gombosi, T. I. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 835, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/835/1/48	journal	January 2017
Statistics of Reconnection-driven Turbulence Kowal, Grzegorz; Falceta-Gonçalves, Diego A.; Lazarian, Alex The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 838, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa6001	journal	March 2017
Properties of Turbulence in the Reconnection Exhaust: Numerical Simulations Compared with Observations Pucci, F.; Servidio, S.; Sorriso-Valvo, L. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 841, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa704f	journal	May 2017
Fast Magnetic Reconnection: “Ideal” Tearing and the Hall Effect Pucci, Fulvia; Velli, Marco; Tenerani, Anna The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 845, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa7b82	journal	August 2017
Plasmoid Instability in Evolving Current Sheets and Onset of Fast Reconnection Huang, Yi-Min; Comisso, Luca; Bhattacharjee, A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 849, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa906d	journal	November 2017
Magnetic Reconnection in Strongly Magnetized Regions of the Low Solar Chromosphere Ni, Lei; Lukin, Vyacheslav S.; Murphy, Nicholas A. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 852, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa9edb	journal	January 2018
Large-scale Compression Acceleration during Magnetic Reconnection in a Low- β Plasma Li, Xiaocan; Guo, Fan; Li, Hui The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 866, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aae07b	journal	October 2018
Particle Acceleration in Kinetic Simulations of Nonrelativistic Magnetic Reconnection with Different Ion–Electron Mass Ratios Li, Xiaocan; Guo, Fan; Li, Hui The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 879, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab223b	journal	June 2019
Effect of Ionization and Recombination on the Evolution of the Harris-type Current Sheet in Partially Ionized Plasmas Singh, K. A. P.; Sakaue, Takahito; Nakamura, Naoki The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 884, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab41f1	journal	October 2019
Formation of Power-law Electron Energy Spectra in Three-dimensional Low- β Magnetic Reconnection Li, Xiaocan; Guo, Fan; Li, Hui The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 884, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab4268	journal	October 2019
The Interplay of Magnetically Dominated Turbulence and Magnetic Reconnection in Producing Nonthermal Particles Comisso, Luca; Sironi, Lorenzo The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 886, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab4c33	journal	November 2019
Nonlinear Reconnection in Magnetized Turbulence Loureiro, Nuno F.; Boldyrev, Stanislav The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 890, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab6a95	journal	February 2020
Kelvin–Helmholtz versus Tearing Instability: What Drives Turbulence in Stochastic Reconnection? Kowal, Grzegorz; Falceta-Gonçalves, Diego A.; Lazarian, Alex The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 892, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab7a13	journal	March 2020
Magnetic Energy Release, Plasma Dynamics, and Particle Acceleration in Relativistic Turbulent Magnetic Reconnection Guo, Fan; Li, Xiaocan; Daughton, William The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 919, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac0918	journal	September 2021
Fast Particle Acceleration in Three-dimensional Relativistic Reconnection Zhang, Hao; Sironi, Lorenzo; Giannios, Dimitrios The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 922, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac2e08	journal	December 2021
Pulsar Radio Emission Mechanism: Radio Nanoshots as a Low-frequency Afterglow of Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection Philippov, Alexander; Uzdensky, Dmitri A.; Spitkovsky, Anatoly The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 876, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab1590	journal	April 2019
First Detection of Plasmoids from Breakout Reconnection on the Sun Kumar, Pankaj; Karpen, Judith T.; Antiochos, Spiro K. The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 885, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ab45f9	journal	October 2019
Fast Magnetic Reconnection with Turbulence in High Lundquist Number Limit Yang, Liping; Li, Hui; Guo, Fan The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 901, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/abb76b	journal	September 2020
Discovery of an Extremely Short Duration Flare from Proxima Centauri Using Millimeter through Far-ultraviolet Observations MacGregor, Meredith A.; Weinberger, Alycia J.; Loyd, R. O. Parke The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Vol. 911, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/abf14c	journal	April 2021
Reconnection studies under different types of turbulence driving Kowal, G.; Lazarian, A.; Vishniac, E. T. Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, Vol. 19, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-19-297-2012	journal	January 2012

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