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Title: Exposure pathways and bioaccumulation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in freshwater aquatic ecosystems: Key considerations

Journal Article · · Science of the Total Environment
 [1];  [2];  [3]; ORCiD logo [4];  [2];  [1]
  1. Drexel Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States)
  2. Temple Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States)
  3. Lock Haven Univ., PA (United States)
  4. Drexel Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States); Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

We report that due to the bioaccumulative behavior, toxicity, and recalcitrance to degradation, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a focus for many researchers investigating freshwater aquatic ecosystems. PFAS are a diverse set of chemicals that accumulate and transport quite differently in the environment depending on the length of their fluoroalkyl chains and their functional groups. This diversity in PFAS chemical characteristics combined with varying environmental factors also impact the bioaccumulation of these compounds in different organisms. In this review, we evaluate environmental factors (such as organic carbon, proteins, lipids, and dissolved cations) as well as PFAS characteristics (head group, chain-length, and concentration) that contribute to the significant variation seen in the literature of bioaccumulation metrics reported for organisms in aquatic ecosystems. Of the factors evaluated, it was found that PFAS concentration, dissolved organic matter, sediment organic matter, and biotransformation of precursor PFAS tended to significantly impact reported bioaccumulation metrics the most. Based on this review, it is highly suggested that future studies provide sufficient details of important environmental factors, specific organism traits/ behavior, and PFAS concentrations/compounds when reporting on bioaccumulation metrics to further fill data gaps and improve our understanding of PFAS in aquatic ecosystems.

Research Organization:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP); USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
AC05-00OR22725
OSTI ID:
1854459
Journal Information:
Science of the Total Environment, Journal Name: Science of the Total Environment Journal Issue: 0 Vol. 822; ISSN 0048-9697
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Figures / Tables (32)