Light(ly)-coupled dark matter in the keV range: freeze-in and constraints
Abstract
Dark matter produced from thermal freeze-out is typically restricted to have masses above roughly 1 MeV. However, if the couplings are small, the freeze-in mechanism allows for production of dark matter down to keV masses. We consider dark matter coupled to a dark photon that mixes with the photon and dark matter coupled to photons through an electric or magnetic dipole moment. We discuss contributions to the freeze-in production of such dark matter particles from standard model fermion-antifermion annihilation and plasmon decay. We also derive constraints on such dark matter from the cooling of red giant stars and horizontal branch stars, carefully evaluating the thermal processes as well as the bremsstrahlung process that dominates for masses above the plasma frequency. We find that the parameters needed to obtain the observed relic abundance from freeze-in are excluded below a few tens of keV, depending on the value of the dark gauge coupling constant for the dark photon portal model, and below a few keV, depending on the reheating temperature for dark matter with an electric or magnetic dipole moment. While laboratory probes are unlikely to probe these freeze-in scenarios in general, we show that for dark matter with an electric ormore »
- Authors:
-
[1];
- Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States). C. N. Yang Inst. for Theoretical Physics
- Univ. of Bonn (Germany). Physikalisches Institut der Universität Bonn, Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics
- Publication Date:
- Research Org.:
- State Univ. of New York (SUNY), Albany, NY (United States); Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN (United States)
- Sponsoring Org.:
- USDOE Office of Science (SC); United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF); Heising-Simons Foundation; Cusanuswerk
- OSTI Identifier:
- 1852450
- Grant/Contract Number:
- SC0017938; SC0018952; 2016153; 79921; 623940
- Resource Type:
- Accepted Manuscript
- Journal Name:
- Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)
- Additional Journal Information:
- Journal Name: Journal of High Energy Physics (Online); Journal Volume: 2021; Journal Issue: 3; Journal ID: ISSN 1029-8479
- Publisher:
- Springer Nature
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
- Subject:
- 79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS; Physics; Cosmology of Theories beyond the SM, Thermal Field Theory
Citation Formats
Chang, Jae Hyeok, Essig, Rouven, and Reinert, Annika. Light(ly)-coupled dark matter in the keV range: freeze-in and constraints. United States: N. p., 2021.
Web. doi:10.1007/jhep03(2021)141.
Chang, Jae Hyeok, Essig, Rouven, & Reinert, Annika. Light(ly)-coupled dark matter in the keV range: freeze-in and constraints. United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep03(2021)141
Chang, Jae Hyeok, Essig, Rouven, and Reinert, Annika. Mon .
"Light(ly)-coupled dark matter in the keV range: freeze-in and constraints". United States. https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep03(2021)141. https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1852450.
@article{osti_1852450,
title = {Light(ly)-coupled dark matter in the keV range: freeze-in and constraints},
author = {Chang, Jae Hyeok and Essig, Rouven and Reinert, Annika},
abstractNote = {Dark matter produced from thermal freeze-out is typically restricted to have masses above roughly 1 MeV. However, if the couplings are small, the freeze-in mechanism allows for production of dark matter down to keV masses. We consider dark matter coupled to a dark photon that mixes with the photon and dark matter coupled to photons through an electric or magnetic dipole moment. We discuss contributions to the freeze-in production of such dark matter particles from standard model fermion-antifermion annihilation and plasmon decay. We also derive constraints on such dark matter from the cooling of red giant stars and horizontal branch stars, carefully evaluating the thermal processes as well as the bremsstrahlung process that dominates for masses above the plasma frequency. We find that the parameters needed to obtain the observed relic abundance from freeze-in are excluded below a few tens of keV, depending on the value of the dark gauge coupling constant for the dark photon portal model, and below a few keV, depending on the reheating temperature for dark matter with an electric or magnetic dipole moment. While laboratory probes are unlikely to probe these freeze-in scenarios in general, we show that for dark matter with an electric or magnetic dipole moment and for dark matter masses above the reheating temperature, the couplings needed for freeze-in to produce the observed relic abundance can be probed partially by upcoming direct-detection experiments.},
doi = {10.1007/jhep03(2021)141},
journal = {Journal of High Energy Physics (Online)},
number = 3,
volume = 2021,
place = {United States},
year = {Mon Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2021},
month = {Mon Mar 15 00:00:00 EDT 2021}
}
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