Charge balance functions for heavy-ion collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Pratt, Scott; Plumberg, Christopher

doi:10.1103/physrevc.104.014906

Title: Charge balance functions for heavy-ion collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Abstract

Heavy-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider provide the conditions to investigate regions of quark-gluon plasma that reach higher temperatures and that persist for longer periods of time compared with collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. This extended duration allows correlations from charge conservation to better separate during the quark-gluon plasma phase, and thus be better distinguished from correlations that develop during the hadron phase or during hadronization. Here, charge balance functions binned by relative rapidity and azimuthal angle and indexed by species are considered. A detailed theoretical model that evolves charge correlations throughout the entirety of an event is compared with preliminary results from the ALICE Collaboration. The comparison with experiment provides insight into the evolution of the chemistry and diffusivity during the collision. A ratio of balance functions is proposed to better isolate the effects of diffusion and thus better constrain the diffusivity.

Authors:

^[1]; Plumberg, Christopher ^[2]

Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)

Publication Date:: Wed Jul 28 00:00:00 EDT 2021

Research Org.:: Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States); Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States); Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Org.:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

OSTI Identifier:: 1849458

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-03ER41259; FG02-87ER40328; SC0020633

Resource Type:: Accepted Manuscript

Journal Name:: Physical Review. C

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 104; Journal Issue: 1; Journal ID: ISSN 2469-9985

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; particle correlations & fluctuations; relativistic heavy-ion collisions; physics

Citation Formats


                    Pratt, Scott, and Plumberg, Christopher. Charge balance functions for heavy-ion collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider.  United States: N. p., 2021. 
Web.  doi:10.1103/physrevc.104.014906.

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                    Pratt, Scott, & Plumberg, Christopher. Charge balance functions for heavy-ion collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.104.014906

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                    Pratt, Scott, and Plumberg, Christopher. Wed .  
"Charge balance functions for heavy-ion collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.104.014906.  https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1849458.

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@article{osti_1849458,

  title        = {Charge balance functions for heavy-ion collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider},

  author       = {Pratt, Scott and Plumberg, Christopher},

  abstractNote = {Heavy-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider provide the conditions to investigate regions of quark-gluon plasma that reach higher temperatures and that persist for longer periods of time compared with collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. This extended duration allows correlations from charge conservation to better separate during the quark-gluon plasma phase, and thus be better distinguished from correlations that develop during the hadron phase or during hadronization. Here, charge balance functions binned by relative rapidity and azimuthal angle and indexed by species are considered. A detailed theoretical model that evolves charge correlations throughout the entirety of an event is compared with preliminary results from the ALICE Collaboration. The comparison with experiment provides insight into the evolution of the chemistry and diffusivity during the collision. A ratio of balance functions is proposed to better isolate the effects of diffusion and thus better constrain the diffusivity.},

  doi          = {10.1103/physrevc.104.014906},

  journal      = {Physical Review. C},

  number       = 1,

  volume       = 104,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {Wed Jul 28 00:00:00 EDT 2021},

  month        = {Wed Jul 28 00:00:00 EDT 2021}

}

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Title: Charge balance functions for heavy-ion collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Abstract

Citation Formats

Balance functions, correlations, charge fluctuations, and interferometry journal, April 2002

Net-charge fluctuations and balance functions at the LHC journal, May 2013

Determining the diffusivity for light quarks from experiment journal, October 2020

Fluctuations of conserved charges at finite temperature from lattice QCD journal, January 2012

Study of charge-dependent azimuthal correlations using reaction-plane-dependent balance functions journal, November 2011

The study of longitudinal properties of the charge balance function journal, June 2011

Rapidity and energy dependence of the electric charge correlations in A + A collisions from 20 A to 158 A GeV journal, August 2007

Toward a deeper understanding of how experiments constrain the underlying physics of heavy-ion collisions journal, February 2016

Influence of the hadronic phase on observables in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions journal, June 2017

Evolution of charge fluctuations and correlations in the hydrodynamic stage of heavy ion collisions journal, July 2018

Electrical Conductivity of the Quark-Gluon Plasma Across the Deconfinement Transition journal, October 2013

Balance functions from Au + Au , d + Au , and p + p collisions at s NN = 200 GeV journal, August 2010

Clocking Hadronization in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions with Balance Functions journal, September 2000

System size and centrality dependence of the balance function in A + A collisions at s NN = 17.2 GeV journal, March 2005

Evolving charge correlations in a hybrid model with both hydrodynamics and hadronic Boltzmann descriptions journal, April 2019

Removing distortions from charge balance functions journal, July 2003

Narrowing of the Balance Function with Centrality in A u + A u Collisions at s N N = 130 G e V journal, May 2003

Development of the CMS MIP timing detector journal, April 2020

Reaction Plane and Beam Energy Dependence Of The Balance Function at RHIC journal, September 2011

Beam-energy dependence of charge balance functions from Au + Au collisions at energies available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider journal, August 2016

Bayesian estimation of the specific shear and bulk viscosity of quark–gluon plasma journal, August 2019

Widths of the balance function for charged kaon pairs from Au+Au at GeV and p+p at GeV at RHIC journal, December 2003

Production of charge in heavy ion collisions journal, December 2015

Electrical conductivity and charge diffusion in thermal QCD from the lattice journal, February 2015

Identifying the Charge Carriers of the Quark-Gluon Plasma journal, May 2012

Baryon annihilation and regeneration in heavy ion collisions journal, April 2014

Balance functions of (un)identified hadrons in Pb–Pb, p–Pb, and pp collisions at the LHC journal, February 2019

The iEBE-VISHNU code package for relativistic heavy-ion collisions journal, February 2016

Balance functions, correlations, charge fluctuations, and interferometry
journal, April 2002

Net-charge fluctuations and balance functions at the LHC
journal, May 2013

Determining the diffusivity for light quarks from experiment
journal, October 2020

Fluctuations of conserved charges at finite temperature from lattice QCD
journal, January 2012

Study of charge-dependent azimuthal correlations using reaction-plane-dependent balance functions
journal, November 2011

The study of longitudinal properties of the charge balance function
journal, June 2011

Rapidity and energy dependence of the electric charge correlations in $A + A$ collisions from $20 A$ to $158 A$ GeV
journal, August 2007

Toward a deeper understanding of how experiments constrain the underlying physics of heavy-ion collisions
journal, February 2016

Influence of the hadronic phase on observables in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions
journal, June 2017

Evolution of charge fluctuations and correlations in the hydrodynamic stage of heavy ion collisions
journal, July 2018

Electrical Conductivity of the Quark-Gluon Plasma Across the Deconfinement Transition
journal, October 2013

Balance functions from $Au + Au$ , $d + Au$ , and $p + p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV
journal, August 2010

Clocking Hadronization in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions with Balance Functions
journal, September 2000

System size and centrality dependence of the balance function in $A + A$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 17.2$ GeV
journal, March 2005

Evolving charge correlations in a hybrid model with both hydrodynamics and hadronic Boltzmann descriptions
journal, April 2019

Removing distortions from charge balance functions
journal, July 2003

Narrowing of the Balance Function with Centrality in $A u + A u$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{N N}} = 130 G e V$
journal, May 2003

Development of the CMS MIP timing detector
journal, April 2020

Reaction Plane and Beam Energy Dependence Of The Balance Function at RHIC
journal, September 2011

Beam-energy dependence of charge balance functions from Au + Au collisions at energies available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
journal, August 2016

Bayesian estimation of the specific shear and bulk viscosity of quark–gluon plasma
journal, August 2019

Widths of the balance function for charged kaon pairs from Au+Au at GeV and p+p at GeV at RHIC
journal, December 2003

Production of charge in heavy ion collisions
journal, December 2015

Electrical conductivity and charge diffusion in thermal QCD from the lattice
journal, February 2015

Identifying the Charge Carriers of the Quark-Gluon Plasma
journal, May 2012

Baryon annihilation and regeneration in heavy ion collisions
journal, April 2014

Balance functions of (un)identified hadrons in Pb–Pb, p–Pb, and pp collisions at the LHC
journal, February 2019

The iEBE-VISHNU code package for relativistic heavy-ion collisions
journal, February 2016