Shifting temporal dynamics of human mobility in the United States

Sparks, Kevin A.; Moehl, Jessica J.; Weber, Eric M.; Brelsford, Christa M.; Rose, Amy N.

doi:10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2022.103295

Title: Shifting temporal dynamics of human mobility in the United States

Journal Article · 15 February 2022 · Journal of Transport Geography

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2022.103295 · OSTI ID:1846542

Sparks, Kevin A. ^[1];

^[1];

^[1]

Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

In this paper we analyze the average hourly temporal dynamics of human mobility in the United States from 2019 to 2020. We discuss how large decreases in human mobility nonuniformly effect the daily temporal dynamics of aggregate human behavior. The data used are weekly activity patterns for POIs from 2019 to 2020 in the United States, provided by SafeGraph and made openly available to academic and research institutions. We use clustering methods to create metrics describing how human activity changes throughout the day/week at the county and national levels. In response to significant mobility reductions starting March 2020, daily temporal patterns of human activity changed nonuniformly. Morning activity started later, and evening activity started earlier in 2020 compared to 2019, and temporal behavioral patterns on weekdays began to look more similar to weekends. The changes in daily temporal behavior persisted throughout the year even as total mobility levels recovered. The results provide insights on the changes in human behavior in response covid-19 policies and illustrate influences on social systems, health, and transportation networks.

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Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Coronavirus CARES Act; USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 1846542

Journal Information:: Journal of Transport Geography, Journal Name: Journal of Transport Geography Journal Issue: na Vol. 99; ISSN 0966-6923

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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