Role of Sea‐Surface Salinity in Simulating Historical Decadal Variations of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a Coupled Climate Model

Zhang, Qiuying; Chang, Ping; Yeager, Stephen G.; Danabasoglu, Gokhan; Zhang, Shaoqing

doi:10.1029/2021GL096922

Title: Role of Sea‐Surface Salinity in Simulating Historical Decadal Variations of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a Coupled Climate Model

Journal Article · 20 February 2022 · Geophysical Research Letters

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL096922 · OSTI ID:1845916

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Department of Oceanography Texas A&,M University College Station TX USA
Department of Oceanography Texas A&,M University College Station TX USA, Department of Atmospheric Sciences Texas A&,M University College Station TX USA
National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO USA
Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography/Institute for Advanced Ocean Studies Ocean University of China and Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao China

Abstract Extending climate prediction from seasonal to decadal timescales requires realistic initialization of not only upper ocean heat content but also the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). However, it remains a major challenge to realistically initialize AMOC in a coupled system while also maintaining a balanced atmosphere‐ocean initial state. This study demonstrates the feasibility of generating fully coupled historical states with realistic AMOC variability. Employing a forced ocean—sea‐ice (FOSI) model simulation as the “truth,” we show reproducibility of key features of historical AMOC decadal variability in a fully coupled model by restoring sea‐surface salinity, in addition to sea‐surface temperature restoring widely used in seasonal prediction. The atmospheric state of the restored coupled model solution is much closer to that of the free coupled simulation than to the observations used in FOSI, pointing to potential advantages of using this approach for initializing decadal predictions with reduced ocean initialization shock.

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Research Organization:: Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); National Science Foundation (NSF); US Department of Commerce; USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0020072

OSTI ID:: 1845916

Journal Information:: Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Name: Geophysical Research Letters Journal Issue: 4 Vol. 49; ISSN 0094-8276

Publisher:: American Geophysical Union (AGU)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Role of Sea‐Surface Salinity in Simulating Historical Decadal Variations of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a Coupled Climate Model

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